Materials Literature
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An accurate description of a columnar liquid crystal of hard disks at high packing fractions is presented using an improved free-volume theory. It is shown that the orientational entropy of the disks in the (one-dimensional) fluid direction leads to a different high-density scaling pressure compared to the prediction…
Electron beam- (EB-) induced graft polymerization of acrylic acid and the subsequent immobilization of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide onto nanopatterned polycaprolactone with parallel grooves is reported. A high concentration of carboxylic groups was introduced onto the polymer substrate by EB-induced po…
An automated approach for rapid on-line monitoring of the solid and liquid phases present in bioprocesses based on mid-IR Fourier transform spectrometry is introduced. The principles of this new approach are presented using the example of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of poly(beta-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB…
Abstract Diblock copolymers consisting of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) and poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly(δ‐valerolactone) (PVL), poly( L ‐lactic acid) (PLLA), or poly(lactic‐ co ‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) as biodegradable polyesters were prepared to examine the phase transition of diblock copolymer solutions. M…
Positive and negative ions generated by laser-based ionization methods from three gold:thiolate cluster compounds are mass analyzed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The three compounds have similar inorganic core masses ( approximately 29 kDa, approximately 145 Au atoms) but different n-alkanethiolate ligands asso…
A theory of isothermal structural relaxation and creep of glasses below the glass transition temperature is given. According to the interstitialcy theory, the supercooled liquid state does not exist below a Kauzmann ``pseudocritical'' temperature ${T}_{k}$, which lies above the temperature ${T}_{K}$, commonly called t…
Abstract For the first time, hollow PbTe nanospheres with diameters of 80−140 nm have been prepared in an ether/glycerol microemulsion system and PbTe single‐crystalline nanotubes with diameters of 60−80 nm have been synthesised in a homogeneous ethanol/glycerol system. They can be facilely controlled via a solvotherm…
This review summarizes the recent progress in experimental determination of electron densities in inorganic crystals and its contribution to our understanding of bonding and density functional approximations. The experimental techniques for electron density mapping are presented, including the accurate measurement of…
Thin films of graft copolymers consisting of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAAm) or poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAAm) as polymer backbone and poly(ethyleneglycol) as side chains were cross-linked on fluoropolymer substrates by low-pressure plasma treatment. All immobilized polymers exhibit a lower critical soluti…
Abstract A new method was developed for preparing polystyrene‐functionalized multiple‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) through the termination of anionically synthesized living polystyryllithium with the acyl chloride functionalities on the MWNTs. The acyl chloride functionalities on the MWNTs were in turn obtained by…
The synergetic effect in multicomponent catalysts is a topic of profound industrial importance and intense academic interest. On a newly identified multicomponent catalyst, $\mathrm{A}\mathrm{u}/\mathrm{I}\mathrm{r}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}/\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, first-principles density-functional theory is an…
Structures of modular supramolecular architectures consisting of a hexameric, diphenylethyne-linked porphyrin macrocyclic array and the corresponding host-guest complex formed by inclusion of a tripyridyl guest molecule were characterized in solution using high-angle X-ray scattering. Scattering measurements made to 6…
In this work we review our present understanding of superconductivity in Magnesium Diboride from the theoretical perspective as it evolves from band structure calculations. Particular emphasis is placed on two gap superconductivity. Some of its peculiar consequences are discussed, in particular upper critical field an…
In a recent paper [Ferrari et al., Phys. Rev. E 69, 035102(R) (2004)], the scaling law of the fluctuations of the step limiting a crystal facet has been computed as a function of the facet size. Ferrari et al. use rigorous, but physically rather obscure, arguments. Approaching the problem from a different perspective,…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTRole of the Surface in Luminescent ProcessesBillie L. Abrams and Paul H. HollowayView Author Information Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800-1421, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116400,…
We present a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model of nonlinear elasticity in solid materials. We assume that the elastic energy density is a periodic function of the shear and tetragonal strains owing to the underlying lattice structure. With this new ingredient, solving the equations yields formation of dislocation d…
One of the major industrial challenges is to profit from some fascinating physical features present at the nanoscale. The production of dissipationless nanoswitches (or nanocontacts) is one of such attractive applications. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge of the real efficiency of electronic ballistic/non dissipati…
We apply a Langevin model to investigate the nonlinear ac responses of electro-magnetorheological (ERMR) fluids under the application of two crossed dc magnetic (z axis) and electric (x axis) fields and a probing ac sinusoidal magnetic field. We focus on the influence of the magnetic fields which can yield nonlinear b…
The p-electrons of carbon in the interstitial compound Fe3C hybridize with the Fe d-band and enhance the valence electron concentration of Fe from 8 to 8.67. At this concentration, substitutional 3d transition metals and alloys exhibit strong moment-volume coupling phenomena and associated magnetovolume instabilities,…
A novel and effective protocol for the surface modification and quantitative characterization of magnetic polymeric nanospheres prepared by miniemulsion polymerization is reported. Composite nanospheres consisting of polymer-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by the miniemulsion polymerization of methyl met…