Materials Literature
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An analysis of the heat capacity data of 21 materials shows that a glass loses 17%–80% of its entropy on cooling from its Tg to 0 K, and that the entropy difference between a glass and crystal phase at Tg, ΔS(Tg), is 1.2 to 4.9 times the entropy difference at 0 K. This is contrary to the premise that the vibrational e…
A study of magnetic and structural properties of (CoxFe100−x)50 (0≦x≦100) alloy thin films as functions of composition and substrate deposition-temperature Ts is carried out. The intrinsic perpendicular magnetic anisotropy Ku starts to increase with deposition temperature Ts for all the films (0≦x≦100) at about TS=250…
Antiferroelectric liquid crystals with a tilt angle of 45 degrees have very interesting optical properties, which seem to have been overlooked so far - perhaps because such materials have hardly been available. We have prepared a four-component mixture of partially fluorinated compounds with a SmCa* phase in the inter…
Methods to characterise the performance of CCD cameras for electron detection are investigated with particular emphasis on the difference between the transfer of signal and noise. Similar to the Modulation Transfer Function MTF, which describes the spatial frequency dependent attenuation of contrast in the image, we i…
Isothermal crystallization of isotactic polypropylene at high pressures (from 200 to 250 MPa) have been carried out using a high-pressure dilatometer leading to a pure γ-form, as revealed by WAXD. The melting temperatures at the same pressures have been determined to assess the pressure effect on the equilibrium melti…
Long-term weathering rates are determined by comparing the chemistry and mineralogy of soil profiles of known age and the fresh source rock composition. Such calculations are based on enrichment/depletion factors determined using immobile element contents, usually Ti or Zr. For convenience, both positive and negative…
In this article we present results for magnetostrictive composites containing between 10% and 50% Terfenol-D (Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2) in a nonmetallic binder. The composite consists of aligned Terfenol-D particles representative of a [1-3] fiber composite. For this study we measure the modulus of elasticity and other pertinent…
Ambient oxygen pressure in a pulsed laser deposition process has been observed to have a critical influence on the compositional, crystalline, and electrical properties of Na0.5K0.5NbO3 (NKN) thin films grown onto polycrystalline Pt80Ir20 and SiO2 (native oxide)/Si(111) substrates. Films prepared at high oxygen pressu…
The current state-of-the-art of colloidal II-VI nanocrystal formation using the aqueous/thiol synthesis route is described. Work on single component and heterostructures and mixed compound quantum dots is discussed. The purpose of the work is to provide a range of infrared (IR)-emitting materials with high quantum eff…
Recent progress in the synthesis, characterization, and applications of conducting polymer–coated latexes is reviewed.
Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 thin film is a promising candidate for recording material of phase-change optical disks, and nitrogen is doped into this film to increase overwrite characteristics. In this study, the crystal structure and the microstructure of nitrogen-doped Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 thin film were investigated. In the annealed n…
Reverse Monte Carlo produced structural models of silver ion conducting glasses and crystals have been investigated by the bond-valence technique. Both absolute ionic conductivity and activation energy can be determined directly from the "pathway volume" of the structural models, i.e., from the volume fraction of the…
The structural and thermodynamic properties of tethered polymer layers formed by spreading diblock copolymers at a solid surface or at a fluid-fluid interface are studied using a molecular mean-field theory. The role of the anchoring block in determining the properties of the tethered polymer layer is studied in detai…
To quantify the swelling response of polyelectrolyte dendrimers in aqueous solutions as affected by changes in solution conditions, we have studied eighth generation, G8, poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers in D 2 O using small-angle neutron scattering. The charge density is manipulated by varying the pH of the soluti…
Cellulose samples from cotton linters, sisal, and sugar cane bagasse have been successively acylated (acetate, propionate, butyrate, and acetate/butyrate) under homogeneous reaction conditions, in LiCl/N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC), by the following procedure: (i) cellulose and LiCl are heated under reduced pressure, a…
We have prepared the yttrium(III) alkoxides [(L Me2 )(HL Me2 )Y 3 (OCH 2 C 6 H 5 ) 4 ] ( 3) and [( S -L Me )Y] 2 ·2(HOCH 2 C 6 H 5 ) ( 1 ·2BnOH) through treatment of two previously developed complexes with benzyl alcohol. Complex 3 possesses a novel cluster structure that appears to be retained in solution and is capa…
ABSTRACT: The effects of whey protein hydrolysis on film water vapor permeability (WVP) and solubility at 3 plasticizer levels were studied. Little or no significant difference (p > 0.05) appeared for film WVP between unhydrolyzed whey protein isolate (WPI), 5.5% degree of hydrolysis (DH) WPI and 10% DH WPI films a…
BaTiO 3 coating films were prepared from Ba(CH 3 COO) 2 –Ti(OC 3 H 7 i ) 4 –H 2 O–CH 3 COOH–C 3 H 7 i OH solutions containing poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) via single‐step, nonrepetitive dip coating. The critical thickness—i.e., the maximum film thickness achieved without crack formation via nonrepetitive dip coating—w…
The effects of B 2 O 3 addition on the sintering behavior and the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 TiO 3 (BST) ceramics were investigated. The dielectric and ferroelectric properties of a BST sample with 0.5 wt% B 2 O 3 sintered at <1150°C were as good as those of undoped BST sintered at 135…
Data and Das [S. Datta and B. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 665 (1990)] proposed an electronic analog to the optoelectronic modulator which would employ spin injection from a ferromagnet into a semiconductor. We investigate the ferromagnet–semiconductor system consisting of the Heusler alloy Ni2MnIn and the semiconductor…