Materials Literature
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The electronic properties of a semi-infinite metal surface without a bulk gap are studied by a formalism able to account for the continuous spectrum of the system. The density of states at the surface is calculated within the $GW$ approximation of many-body perturbation theory. We demonstrate the presence of an unoccu…
This a review article, which presents a general framework for the analysis of interatomic magnetic interactions in the spin-density-functional theory, which is based on the magnetic force theorem, make a link with the models for transition-metal oxides, and gives several examples of how this strategy can be used for t…
A simple and effective method was demonstrated to tune surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength of silver island films by introducing a dielectric medium to vary interisland dielectric constant. The medium, either overcoating or sandwiching the silver islands, can make a dramatic effect on the tunability. We had ext…
We have measured conductance of single-walled semiconducting carbon nanotubes in field-effect transistor (FET) geometry and investigated the device response to alcoholic vapors. We observe significant changes in FET drain current when the device is exposed to various kinds of alcoholic vapors. These responses are reve…
We discuss linear and nonlinear optical wave propagation in a left-handed medium (LHM) or medium of negative refraction (NRM). We use the approach of characterizing the medium response totally by a generalized electric polarization (with a dielectric permittivity {tilde {var_epsilon}}(w, {rvec k})) that can be decompo…
Nuclear transfer was used to produce a cloned mule, a sterile hybrid equine species. Mules result from breeding a male donkey (Equus asi-nus, 62 chromosomes) with a female horse (Equus caballus, 64 chromosomes), producing an animal with 63 chromosomes. Equine cloning has been hampered by a lack of optimal in vitro ooc…
A possible route to finding new optically switchable molecular solids is to investigate the photoeffects of compounds that exhibit an abrupt phase transition or hysteresis loop. Such compounds must possess at least bistable states that are separated by a potential barrier in free energy. In fact, on the basis of this…
A multistep pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) process is presented for epitaxial, nominally undoped ZnO thin films of total thickness of 1 to 2 μm on c-plane sapphire substrates. We obtain reproducibly high electron mobilities from 115 up to 155 cm2/V s at 300 K in a narrow carrier concentration range from 2 to 5×1016 cm−…
The use of semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots) as fluorescent labels for multiphoton microscopy enables multicolor imaging in demanding biological environments such as living tissue. We characterized water-soluble cadmium selenide-zinc sulfide quantum dots for multiphoton imaging in live animals. These fluoresce…
Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used to identify and characterize point defects in lithium triborate (LiB<sub>3</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) crystals grown for nonlinear optical applications. As-grown crystals contain oxygen vacancies and lithium vacancies (as well as trace amounts of transition-metal ions in a…
In duplex stainless steel, the two constituent phases, namely ferritic (α) and austenitic (γ) phases, have different crystal structure and chemical composition. They may thus exhibit different corrosion resistances in aqueous environment. In this investigation, an electrochemical technique with spatial resolution was…
Novel N-acylaminovinyl ketones of the benzo[b]thiophene series (AAB) capable of molecular switching of fluorescence or complexation with metal ions have been synthesized and their photochromic behavior studied using UV-Vis absorption/emission and 1 H-/ 7 Li-NMR spectroscopy. Under UV irradiation the AAB compounds 2a-c…
Abstract The synthesis of polyacrylonitrile‐ block ‐poly(ethylene oxide) (PAN‐ b ‐PEO) diblock copolymers is conducted by sequential initiation and Ce(IV) redox polymerization using amino‐alcohol as the parent compound. In the first step, amino‐alcohol potassium with a protected amine group initiates the polymerizatio…
Abstract Single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments were carried out on roscoelite crystals from Reppia, Val Graveglia, Italy. Roscoelite [structural formula: XII (Ba 0.006 K 0.994 ) IV (Si 3.150 Al 0. 850 ) VI (Al 0.04 0 Fe 0.150 Mg 0.100 Mn 0.062 V 1.69 6 Ti 0.003 )O 10 (OH) 2 ] shows a near-perfect three-dimensio…
Abstract H 2 and CO 2 transport properties were investigated on semicrystalline poly(ethylene‐2,6‐dicarboxylate naphtalene) (PEN) films and biaxially stretched films and analyzed in terms of solubility and diffusion. The decrease of the permeability observed on the thermally crystallized samples has been described by…
We present a stochastic model of dynamically interacting grains in one dimension, in the presence of a low vibrational intensity, to investigate the effect of shape on the statics and dynamics of the compaction process. Regularity and irregularity in grain shapes are shown to be centrally important in determining the…
Abstract Clays of a soil sequence with five profiles in the Val Genova (northern Italy) along an elevation gradient with climate ranging from moderate to Alpine were investigated with XRD using several diagnostic treatments. Smectites developed in the surface horizons of podzolic soils either from chlorite through the…
In situ methods are ideally suited for the study of the development of property-critical structural features during materials processing. As an example of their potential in the area of complex oxide electroceramics, here, we apply in situ synchrotron powder diffraction to investigate the ordering processes responsibl…
In this paper we compare the results of three ferroelectric materials that exhibit unusual smectic-A (SmA) phases. These phases have been assigned to chiral analogs of the de Vries SmA phase. Several experimental techniques have been employed for this investigation. The possible molecular structures of de Vries SmA* p…