Materials Literature
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Various single particle measuring techniques are briefly reviewed and the basic concepts of a new microsuperconducting quantum interference device technique are discussed. It allows measurements of the magnetization reversal of single nanometer-sized particles at low temperature. The influence of the measuring techniq…
The preparation of dilute alloy of GaSb and Mn, (Ga, Mn)Sb, with a few percent of Mn by molecular beam epitaxy and its magnetotransport properties are reported. Magnetotransport measurements show a pronounced anomalous Hall effect and negative magnetoresistance below 50 K. The results suggest that Mn atoms are incorpo…
We report the structural and magnetic properties of SmCo7−xCux, where x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.7. X-ray diffraction shows that these alloys from the disordered hexagonal TbCu7-type structure. For large values of x(x⩾0.8) the hexagonal TbCu7-type structure cannot be formed. X-ray diffraction on magnetically…
We investigate to what extend the replica-exchange Monte Carlo method is able to equilibrate a simple liquid in its supercooled state. We find that this method does indeed allow us to generate accurately the canonical distribution function even at low temperatures and that its efficiency is about 10-100 times higher t…
We have cloned and sequenced the Lactobacillus casei hprK gene encoding the bifunctional enzyme HPr kinase/P-Ser-HPr phosphatase (HprK/P). Purified recombinant L. casei HprK/P catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of HPr, a phosphocarrier protein of the phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system…
The magnetic and transport properties of epitaxial and polycrystalline chromium dioxide (CrO2) thin films have been investigated. They are grown epitaxially on single crystal TiO2 (100) substrates, and with multiple grain orientations on polycrystalline TiO2 substrates, by chemical vapor deposition. The films have a C…
We present details about an experimental method based on the Landau–Zener model which allows one to measure very small tunnel splittings Δ in molecular clusters Fe8. The measurements are performed with an array of microsuperconducting quantum interference devices. The observed oscillations of Δ as a function of the ma…
This article presents an overview of the necessary conditions for the formation of shape memory alloys (SMAs) and how these must overlap with the occurrence of ferromagnetism so that ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) may be formed. The electronic, elastic, and geometric conditions permit an understanding of th…
The SmCo7−xTix, x=0–0.56 bulk samples are prepared by arc melting. X-ray diffraction indicates that samples with 0.2<x<0.4 form a single disordered TbCu7-type structure phase and other minor phases appear for other values of x, which indicates that Ti helps stabilize the 1-7 phase. The lattice parameters…
The uniform temperature and mass current density of gas in deposition regions of films were very important to obtain uniform diamond films over a large area during hot filament chemical vapor deposition. The simulation showed that the two physical parameters of gas in the chamber varied as a function of space and were…
Measurements of the saturation magnetostriction λs of glass-coated covered (Co1−xMnx)75Si10B15 (x=0.09, 0.10 and 0.105) and Co56.5Fe6.5Ni10B16Si11 amorphous microwires carried out by means of the stress dependence of initial magnetic susceptibility method are reported. The conditions of applicability of this method to…
The structure of the presodyme disulfide PrS 2 has been determined and refined by the LS method in space group P2 1 /b11(14) with a=4.054(1) Å; b=8.058(1) Å; c=8.079(1) Å and α=90.08(2)° to the final values of discrepancy factors R=0.188; Rw=0.0204. The structure is a derivative structure of the ZrSSi (or PbFCl) struc…
Abstract We have developed a novel fast‐switching LCD with multidomain vertical alignment driven by an oblique electric field. The oblique electric field is applied between comb‐shaped source electrodes and comb‐shaped common electrodes on a TFT substrate and an ITO electrode on a CF substrate covering the entire disp…
Frequency dependence of power loss of MnZn ferrite was investigated in relation with the absolute complex permeability, μa(=μa−jμa″), in the frequency range 10 kHz–5 MHz and the temperature range 23–120 °C. Residual loss, Pr contributes more than half of the total power loss, Pc, at a frequency above 1 MHz and exhibit…
We present a new method for determining the exchange-stiffness constant A of a ferromagnetic bulk material by field-dependent elastic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). In the limit of high applied magnetic field H, for which the scattering volume is a single magnetic domain and the magnetization is nearly aligned…
The effect of Cu and Zr on the microstructure and coercivity of Sm(CobalFe0.1CuyZrx)8.5 magnets has been studied using magnetometry and transmission electron microscopy. For Zr-free samples, when y=0.088, a cellular microstructure is not formed. Instead a rod-like 1:5 phase is observed, distributed in the 2:17 matrix…
1 More than 200 known species of Microturbellaria occur in running waters world-wide but discovery of many more is likely. Their population density varies greatly as a function of substratum, productivity, phenology and hydrology. The density may exceed 7 000 individuals m-2. The number of species in a single small sa…
MnZn ferrites with different composition have been synthesized by soft chemistry routes using oxalate precursors with the partial replacement of water by acetone as the solvent. Toroids were sintered at 1250 °C for 3 h in O2/N2 atmosphere. Sintering conditions significantly changed macroscopic characteristics as densi…
An analytic expression is given for the ballistic demagnetizing factors, D′, of the general rectangular prism, in which the field is averaged over the middle cross section of the prism, and for the “side” demagnetizing factor, D″, in which the averaging is over the edges of the prism. The demagnetizing fields are comp…
The influence of 200 keV electrons on the characteristic 7eV π—π∗ peak in polystyrene was investigated using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope. π bond degradation is proportional to the total radiative dose. There is an apparent dependence on dose rate such that at…