Materials Literature
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Abstract Illite-smectite (I-S) mixed-layer minerals from North Sea oil fields and a Danish outcrop were investigated to determine the detailed structure and the diagenetic clay transformation. Clay layers in the chalk and residues obtained by dissolution of the chalk matrix at pH 5 were investigated. The phase composi…
Temperature dependence of atomic coordinates is determined for RbMn[Fe(CN) 6 ] by means of synchrotron-radiation (SR) X-ray powder structural analysis. We observed a structural transition from the cubic (F\(\overline{4}\)3m; Z = 4) to the tetragonal (I\(\overline{4}\)m2; Z = 2) phase at ≈ 210 K in the cooling run and…
Electron irradiation induced phase decomposition in an alkaline earth multi-component oxide glass has been observed in a scanning transmission electron microscope. Separate regions that are rich and poor in alkaline earths form rapidly during the initial irradiation. In other words, alkaline earth multi-component oxid…
M-type Sr/sub 1-x/La/sub x/Fe/sub 12-x/Co/sub x/O/sub 19/ ferrite powders with x=0 to 0.4 were investigated using Mossbauer spectrometry in the 77 K-550 K temperature range. The Mossbauer spectra were fitted by assuming that Co/sup 2+/ is present in both 4f/sub 2/ and 2a octahedral sites, and that some Fe/sup 2+/ is p…
Undoped β-Ga2O3 single crystals were grown by the floating zone technique under several mixtures of N2 and O2 gas and 2 atm pressure. Polarized reflectance spectra in the 50–1200 cm—1 region showed all 12 IR active modes, with an additional background due to free carrier reflection. By least-squares fitting, the reson…
It is well known that the surface of titanium forms stable oxides of Ti2O, TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5, TinO2n−1 (4<n<38) and TiO2 and, as a result, the surface exhibits a high degree of immunity against attack by acids and chlorides. However, titanium is also a very active getter. To characterize the gettering pr…
Sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets are prepared by powder metallurgy. Besides the composition of the alloy, the alignment of the powder particles is decisive for achieving high remanent polarizations. The alignment of the powder particles can be improved by applying field pulses in addition to an alignment in a constant magneti…
Abstract Nisin was incorporated into binder solutions of acrylic polymer and vinyl acetate‐ethylene co‐polymer, and then coated on to paper. Diffusive migration of incorporated nisin and the antimicrobial activity of the polymer coatings were investigated in order to understand the way of controlling nisin migration a…
Rietveld refinement using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data revealed that the crystal structure of synthetic Na-birnessite is triclinic (C 1 ), not monoclinic as was previously reported. The Mn–O octahedra have elongated axial bonds, consistent with Jahn–Teller distortion resulting from partial occupancy by Mn…
Magnetic (static, high-frequency) and microwave-absorbing properties of Co-substituted Ni/sub 2/W hexaferrites are investigated in the frequency range of Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz). The powders of composition BaNi/sub 2-X/Co/sub X/Fe/sub 16/O/sub 27/ are prepared by calcining at 1250/spl deg/C, where the substitution ratio…
This paper describes the use of ellipsometry as a precise and accurate technique for characterizing substrates and overlayers. A brief historical development of ellipsometry and the basic principles necessary to understand how an ellipsometer works are presented. There are many examples of studies performed in address…
Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics have been fabricated by hot‐pressing and subsequent annealing under pressure with aluminum nitride (AlN) and rare‐earth oxides (Y 2 O 3 , Er 2 O 3 , and Yb 2 O 3 ) as sintering additives. The oxidation behavior of the SiC ceramics in air was characterized and compared with that of the Si…
Theoretical and laboratory studies indicate that the corrosion of mild and low-alloy steels should be a function of temperature. In practice, however, it is usually held that this cannot be discerned from actual field corrosion data, being confounded by many other influences. The present study considers data from a re…
Abstract The amorphous aluminosilicate allophane was synthesized by rapid mixing of inorganic solutions with high initial concentrations (10 – 100 mmol/l) followed by hydrothermal treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed homogeneous products having a hollow spherical amorp…
Abstract Nanocomposites based on biodegradable poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) and layered silicates (montmorillonite, MMT) were prepared either by melt interaction with PCL or by in situ ring‐opening polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone as promoted by the so‐called coordination‐insertion mechanism. Both non‐modified clays (Na…
Abstract The resistance to air permeation was investigated for an intercalated clay/acrylonitrile‐butadiene copolymer nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is prepared by melt mixing the organo‐treated montmorillonite into a rubber matrix, together with peroxide curative, and crosslinked by conventional compression moldi…
This paper investigates utilizing zero span UHF PD detection. The findings suggest that the technique is a practical solution for on-line PD monitoring of transformers in the presence of noise and also permits the use of existing knowledge on PD defect signatures.
Nanocrystalline CeO 2 powders have been successfully synthesized via a carbonate precipitation method, using ammonium carbonate (AC) as the precipitant and cerium nitrate hexahydrate as the cerium source. The AC/Ce 3+ molar ratio ( R ) affects significantly precursor properties, and spherical nanoparticles can be prod…
PURPOSE: To determine whether intratumoral accumulation of liposomal doxorubicin or free unencapsulated doxorubicin is increased when combined with radio-frequency (RF) ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two 1.2-1.5-cm R3230 mammary adenocarcinomas were grown within the mammary fat pads of 19 female Fischer rats. One tu…
Applications of CoFe/sub 2/O/sub 4/ are limited due to the lack of synthesis technique to produce monodispersed, single domain and high coercivity (H/sub c/) nanoparticles. Here, we describe the growth dominant co-precipitation process to achieve high H/sub c/, with moderate magnetization at room temperature (RT) in C…