Materials Literature
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Farmers and scientists joined forces in the late 1980s to develop milkweed as an alternative crop and source offiber. Efforts continue to develop milkweed floss fiber as an insulative fill material. A major barrier to increased utilization is its tendency to form mats during laundering or drycleaning. This research so…
Abstract The path length distribution function (PLDF) for backscattered electrons was calculated within the four‐flow approximation. The problem was solved by using the invariant‐embedding approach. It was shown that the PLDF is very sensitive to the variation of the parameter describing the elastic scattering cross‐s…
Abstract Mn x Zn (1− x ) CO 3 solid-solutions were prepared at 5°C by precipitation from metal-bearing bicarbonate solutions. The solids were identified by X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Zn 2+ ions substitute extensively for Mn 2+ ions in the crystal lattice of anhydrous rhombohedral carbonates. T…
The phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk), triosephosphate isomerase (tpi), and enolase (eno) genes from Thermotoga neapolitana have been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. In high copy number, the pgk gene complemented an E. coli pgk- strain. In T. neapolitana, the pgk and tpi genes appear to be fused and eno is near…
An investigation has been made of ceramics of the Al2 O3–MgO–SiO2 system produced as pellets by laser melting of powder mixtures of the component oxides, followed by relatively rapid solidification. The phase constitution and microstructural features have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, microscopy, and diff…
Abstract The effects of the die-wall material on the apparent viscosity of a blend of Hytrel and Viton and on the formation of a particle-like material, which is commonly referred to as die drool, at the polymer-metal interface were studied. The blend, which consisted of approximately 15 % Viton and 85 % Hytrel, was p…
The crystallization of amorphous carbon films, under inert atmospheres, occurs at annealing temperatures above 800 °C. In this work we have found that when the annealing of carbon films is performed under atmospheric conditions, crystallization occurs at temperatures as low as 200 °C. The catalytic effect of oxygen in…
A range of materials with brittle to ductile behavior (single‐crystal and polycrystalline alumina, aluminum/alumina composite, and metallic aluminum) were investigated by acoustic emission (AE) methods for microcracking during hardness indentations or cooling from elevated temperatures (800°C). During indentation, the…
Abstract New chemical analyses, electron and X-ray powder diffraction data, and comparison with gyrolite and reyerite show that tungusite has the ideal formula , symmetry P and a = 9.714(9), b = 9.721(9), c = 22.09(3), α = 90.13(1)°, β = 98.3(2)°, γ = 120.0(1)°, Z = 1. A structural model for tungusite is derived by sp…
Abstract A Controlled‐atomosphere cone calorimeter was used to investigate the burning of pure and flame retardant‐treated cotton fabrics. The condensed‐phase flame retardants used were Morguard (containing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phoisphate) and Nochar (containing ammonium sulfate and a…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCalorimetric, Dielectric, and Neutron Diffraction Studies on Phase Transitions in Ordinary and Deuterated Acetone CrystalsR. M. Ibberson, W. I. F. David, O. Yamamuro, Y. Miyoshi, T. Matsuo, and H. SugaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 38, 14167–14173Publication Date (Print…
An inexpensive, highly conducting polymer‐thermoplastic composite material is reported which is both flexible and possesse a low percolation threshold. The method used to prepare the PANI‐PVC material “see Figure” allows control of the flexibility of the product through the use of commercially available plasticizers m…
The orientational ordering of several liquid crystals containing a difluorosubstituted phenyl ring has been studied through the use of C-13 NMR. The fluorinated phenyl ring of these liquid crystals have Cs symmetry, so three order parameters are required to completely describe the ordering of this ring. All three of t…
It has recently been proposed that spatially discretized versions of the Alien-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard equations for modelling phase transitions have certain theoretical and phenomenological advantages over their continuous counterparts. This paper deals with one-dimensional discretizations and examines the extent to w…
We use ac susceptibility to study the vortex pinning force anisotropy and the magnetic lock-in effect in the organic superconductor (TMTSF${)}_{2}$${\mathrm{ClO}}_{4}$, which is believed to have an in-plane anisotropy of ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{b}\mathit{a}}$\ensuremath{\sim}10 and a maximum out-of-plane aniso…
Predominant parameters in the shock-induced transition from graphite materials to diamond were examined in the present study by using quenching and powder methods under pressures of 50–60 GPa and 80–90 GPa, respectively, in the temperature range from 750 to 3500 K. Effects of the material parameters of the starting gr…
Fourier transform infrared internal reflection spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS have been applied to investigate the surface of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers treated by chemical oxidation and electrochemical oxidation. We have found that infrared spectroscopy has comparable sensitivity to…
Capabilities and limitations of X-ray computed microtomography (CT) in characterizing relevant composite material issues as identified during manufacturing processes were investigated. Damage in engine subcomponents was evaluated and compared with damage detected in pedigreed coupon type specimens. The system used is…
Polarization reversal switching transients of nylon 11 were measured for samples annealed in various conditions. The relation between the ferroelectric properties and hydrogen bonds between main chains is discussed. Polarization reversal of nylon 11 begins by breaking of the hydrogen bonds and ends by linking of them.…
We present a numerical study of the performance of a one-dimensional Confocal Scanning Optical Microscope (CSOM) when used as a profiler of highly reflecting surfaces. The study is conducted by means of a computer simulation that describes the interaction between the incident beam and the sample in a fairly rigorous m…