Materials Literature
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Sorption to mineral surfaces is an important process controlling the mobility and stability of natural organic matter (NOM) in soil, yet only knowledge of the reversibility of this process enables the prediction of element cycling and NOM‐induced transport in soils. We have elucidated the desorption of mineral‐bound N…
1,2-Bis(2-methyl-6-nitro-1-benzothiophen-3-yl)perfluorocyclopentene was found to undergo a reversible photochromic reaction in the single-crystalline phase. Upon irradiation with 366-nm light, the single crystal turned green with keeping the crystal shape. The colored crystal showed dichroism. When the crystal was rot…
Diatoms are a group of unicellular microalgae that are encased in a highly ornamented siliceous cell wall, or frustule. Pennate diatoms have bilateral symmetry and many genera possess an elongated slit in the frustule called the raphe, a feature synonymous with their ability to adhere and glide over a substratum, a pr…
The vibrational modes of carbon nanotubes and nanoropes are studied. The Raman and infrared active modes are determined for armchair, zigzag, and chiral nanotubes. High-energy Raman and infrared modes exhibit distinct characteristic patterns for armchair, zigzag, and chiral tubes. In the nanorope the intertube interac…
We observe three distinct behavioral states in field emission from single-walled carbon nanotubes between temperatures of 300 and 1800 K. At room temperature, nanotubes emit through adsorbate states correlated to the presence of water. These states are removed above 900 K. After adsorbate removal, the apparently clean…
The water content in multilayers made from poly(styrenesulfonate) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) was determined using infrared spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. Under ambient conditions the polyelectrolyte multilayer contains 10−20 wt % water, which is removed by heating under dry conditions t…
Organically and bio-organically doped sol−gel materials have attracted much attention due to their ability to reproduce solution molecular activities within the ceramic environment. We take now this methodology one step forward and explore conditions under which the dopant properties can be modified by the matrix. Spe…
By combining the results of magnetization, resistivity, and neutron powder-diffraction data for stoichiometric ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3},$ we have constructed a phase diagram that describes the magnetic, transport, and structural properties and the relationships among them as…
Glycine betaine is mostly known as an osmoprotectant. It is involved in the osmotic adaptation of eukaryotic and bacterial cells, and accumulates up to 1 M inside cells subjected to an osmotic upshock. Since, like other osmolytes, it can act as a protein stabilizer, its thermoprotectant properties were investigated. I…
We report a new morphology in a poly(isoprene- block -styrene- block -dimethylsiloxane) ABC triblock copolymer. The most probable symmetry of the morphology ( Ia 3̄ d ) was determined from two-dimensional SAXS measurements performed on a sample with long-range order induced by an oscillatory shear field. By comparing…
Dense CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 (CBT) and Na 0.475 Ca 0.05 Bi 4.475 Ti 4 O 15 (NCBT) ceramics with a highly preferred {001} orientation were prepared by the reactive templated grain growth (RTGG) method. Plate-like Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BIT) particles were synthesized by a molten salt technique and used as the reactive template. The…
Studies of the crystallization, melting, and morphology of random ethylene/1-octene copolymers by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry and atomic force microscopy are presented. Two different crystallization mechanisms prevalent in separate temperature ranges are inferred from the effect of cooling rate…
A model photosynthetic antenna consisting of four covalently linked zinc tetraarylporphyrins, (P ZP ) 3 −P ZC, has been joined to a free base porphyrin-fullerene artificial photosynthetic reaction center, P−C 60, to form a (P ZP ) 3 −P ZC −PC 60 hexad. As revealed by time-resolved absorption and emission studies, exci…
BWR and PWR cemented matrices to confine low and medium simulated liquid radioactive wastes have been submitted to the leaching process in de-ionized water at 20ºC and 40ºC, to obtain the medium leachability index (L) and the effective diffusion coefficient (De) of different ions. Otherwise, it has been studied the as…
The "Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción" building is one of the most singular engineering design done by Eduardo Torroja: it was started in 1951. This study focused on the Institute façade-building materials has been carried out in the 100th anniversary of his birth. The analysis has revealed that the design of…
The historical heritage of our country is mainly made up of masonry, playing the sandstones an important role. However, because of the effect of environmental conditions and pollution, these materials can loose their cement, and eventually disintegrate. Chemical consolidants can be applied in order to prevent and stop…