Materials Literature
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Loose particles and discharges inside the ducts of a gas-insulated substation (GIS) are considered hazardous to the insulation system. These irregularities or flaws can be detected by using acoustic sensors placed on the enclosure. An elementary review of sound propagation in a GIS together with corresponding experime…
A critical review is given on self-diffusion, impurity diffusion, chemical diffusion, thermal diffusion and radiation-enhanced diffusion in the ceramic nuclear fuels, i.e. oxides, carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of uranium and plutonium. Atomic transport in ThO2 is also discussed. Besides experimental results on…
Chromogenic materials have optical properties that can be changed in a persistent and reversible manner under the action of an external stimulus. They can regulate the throughput of radiant energy between widely separated extrema, and hence they can be used in future “smart windows” in buildings, cars, etc., and for m…
Abstract Detailed sedimentological and geochemical studies of phosphorites and sediments from the East Australian continental margin have shown that both apatite and glauconite are forming at a transition zone between relict, iron oxyhydroxide-rich, organic-poor (TOC<0.3%) outer shelf (200–350 m) sediments and relativ…
The development of a graphical simulation to describe the draping of bidirectional fabrics over arbitrary surfaces is reported. The simulation applies to any surface, described either analytically or numerically, and allows any number of draped configurations on a surface. A unique draped configuration results when on…
Abstract Steam explosion treatment was carried out on almost pure natural celluloses (wood pulps and purified cotton linter) to obtain alkali‐soluble cellulose and to clarify the effect of cellulose resources on the changes in morphology, viscosity‐average degree of polymerisation P v , solubility towards aqueous alka…
Most BO 4 -groups deviate significantly from a regular tetrahedron with symmetry [unk]3 m - T d . The geometry of these deviations and the extent of the distortions are the main topics of this study. The shapes of 256 borate groups in 128 compounds have been investigated. In BO 3 -groups with O … BO 3 distances shorte…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of electron tracks in water. 1. Distribution of energy deposition eventsSimon M. Pimblott, Jay A. LaVerne, A. Mozumder, and Nicholas J. B. GreenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 1, 488–495Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published onlin…
Copper oxide was deposited on gamma alumina with loadings between 2.1 and 9.2 wt % of CuO. The activity of these solids was measured in the catalytic combustion of methane before and after an aging test performed at 1340 K. The state and the environment of the copper species was followed by UV–VIS reflectance spectros…
Pellets were prepared by wet granulating with various ethanol/water mixtures utilizing the extrusion/marumerization process. Binary mixtures of 10% active ingredient and 90% Microcrystalline Cellulose (Avicel PH-101) were found to form pellets when granulated with 95% ethanol but not with absolute alcohol. Differences…
Radical reactions induced by photocleavage of the photocuring agent 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone in oxygen-free solutions are investigated by product Analysis, CIDNP, and by optical and ESR spectroscopy. It is shown that the photochemistry of the title compound is strongly influenced by both thermal and photoche…
A model of magnetic hysteresis is proposed. It is based on the Stoner-Wohlfarth coherent rotation model, but with a macroscopic mean field interaction (similar to Weiss's molecular field theory), added to represent interaction between domains. Rotation of domain magnetization vectors gives both reversible and irrevers…
Hydrogen assisted cracking (cold cracking) in the heat affected zones of welded C-Mn and low alloy steels and their weld metals is discussed with regard to hydrogen diffusion, residual stress, and microstructure. The features of the hydrogen-assisted cracking tests so far proposed are reviewed and correlations between…
A selective thermal oxidation method was developed for the speciation of carbonaceous aerosols collected on filters into organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). The technique is based on studying the thermal oxidation of microcrystalline graphite by MnO2as well as various organic compounds. The procedure uses a…
A series of 3,6-dialkylphthalonitriles and 3,6-bis(4,4,4-trimethoxybutyl) phthalonitrile have been prepared via Diels–Alder reactions of 2,5-disubstituted furans or thiophene 1,1-dioxides with fumaro-nitrile. The phthalonitriles were converted into the title phthalocyanines as metal-free and copper(II) derivatives. Th…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExtended x-ray absorption fine structure investigations of nickel hydroxidesK. I. Pandya, W. E. O'Grady, D. A. Corrigan, J. McBreen, and R. W. HoffmanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 1, 21–26Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May…
This investigation has concerned the active dissolution of a duplex stainless steel in two different acidic solutions together with a comparison of the active dissolution of the corresponding α-and γ-phases in order to establish the type of interaction between the phases. In the two acid solutions investigated, it bec…
The structural changes which occur during the swelling and dispersion in water (D2O) of montmorillonite and Laponite RD (a model synthetic hectorite-type clay) have been investigated by neutron diffraction and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). By using samples where the clay platelets are initially aligned in the…
This review examines the electrochemical methods available to corrosion scientists today and developments that have taken place in the past 25 years. The fundamental principles of the methods are outlined and some practical difficulties explained.
An electron-irradiation induced crystalline-to-amorphous (C-A) transition in α-Sic single crystals of the 6H polytype has been studied as a function of irradiation temperature, incident electron energy and orientation of the incident beam, by means of ultra-high voltage electron microscopy. The C-A transition can be i…