Materials Literature
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Resonance Raman and resonance hyper-Raman spectra of the "push-pull" conjugated molecule 1-(4'-dihexylaminostyryl)-4-(4"-nitrostyryl)benzene in acetone have been measured at excitation wavelengths from 485 to 356 nm (two-photon wavelengths for the nonlinear spectra), resonant with the first two bands in the linear abs…
Nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials possess higher magnetization and operation temperatures than amorphous alloys with similar compositions. For these reasons, they are good candidate materials for power electronics applications. As an indication of their performance, core losses have been measured for a nanocryst…
An effort to increase the impact toughness of Nd–Fe–B sintered magnets by adding small amounts of Al, Nd, Ga, Cu, and Nb was successful. No significant compromise to magnetic properties occurred. Based on this work, a series of sintered Nd–Fe–B magnets with improved toughness was developed, which we call ToughNEO™. Sm…
Functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by isotropic plasma treatment was studied using resonant Raman spectroscopy. It was shown that plasma-induced functionalization results in the uniaxial isotropic constriction of the nanotubes but preserves their overall structural integrity. It was demonstrat…
Starting from the microscopic Smoluchowski equation for interacting Brownian particles under stationary shearing, exact expressions for shear-dependent steady-state averages, correlation and structure functions, and susceptibilities are obtained, which take the form of generalized Green–Kubo relations. They require in…
The epitaxial Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films were patterned into small islands by a photolithographic process, and the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in which the tetragonal and rhombohedral phases coexist was realized by changing the two-dimensional planar sizes. The MPB moved toward the Zr-rich composition due to t…
We show that Si particles 20–30 nm in diameter can be heated up to ∼1500K in atmospheric conditions by illumination with weak (∼1mW) but sharply focused (∼2μm) visible laser light. Crystallization, oxidation, and color change of the particles occur as the result of the light-induced heating of the particles. These eff…
Mineralogical and microstructural properties of sintered and fused magnesia grains and refractory bricks derived from natural magnesite were examined. Although their CaO/SiO 2 ratios can be used to approximate their mineralogical compositions, detailed X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) stu…
Dense ceramic/metal nanocomposite has been fabricated by internal reduction method, which includes a two‐step process: sintering of ceramic–metal oxide solid solution and subsequent heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere to precipitate metal nanoparticles. This novel technique has been applied to yttria‐stabilized te…
A method for transformer design with an asymmetric winding configuration to reduce the inrush current with appropriate voltage regulation and short-circuit current is proposed. Differing from the traditional symmetric winding structure in transformer design, this method can provide the high inrush equivalent inductanc…
The synthesis of heteroepitaxial monocrystalline diamond films has been of technological and scientific interest for several decades. Using chemical vapor deposition techniques, polycrystalline diamond has been successfully grown on many substrates. However, iridium emerges in providing highly oriented films, signific…
Perovskite-like oxides La 2 CuO 4 and LaSrCuO 4, prepared by the citrate combustion method, were studied and used as catalysts for CO oxidation, NO decomposition, and NO + CO reduction. The adsorption and desorption behaviors of the gases on catalyst surfaces were well characterized by mass spectrometric−temperature p…
A newly engineered host−guest hydrogen-bonded 2-amino-5-nitropyridinium tetrafluoroborate (2A5NPFB) salt has been designed following a strategy applied to the 2-amino-5-nitropyridinium salts. The crystal structure of organic−inorganic 2A5NPFB has been determined, and it belongs to the noncentrosymmetric space group Fd…
In 2.2% Si electrical steel, the magnetic hysteresis behavior is sharply sheared by a rather small plastic deformation (0.5%). A modification to the Jiles–Atherton hysteresis model makes it possible to model magnetic effects of plastic deformation. In this paper, with this model, it is shown how a narrow hysteresis wi…
Barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) particles with book‐like and spherical morphology were prepared by using a hydrothermal soft chemical process in the presence of a cationic surfactant. A layered titanate of H 1.07 Ti 1.73 O 4 with a lepidocrocite‐like structure and plate‐like particle morphology was used as the precursor. T…
Nanocrystalline ZnO ceramics with grain sizes of ∼100 nm were prepared by pressureless sintering at 800°C for 2 h and spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 550°C for 2 min, respectively. Excellent green emission properties were obtained in the ZnO ceramic prepared by the SPS process and in the pressureless‐sintered ZnO cera…
Upconversion luminescence characteristics of a multi-rare-earth-doped 0.05K2O–0.1ZnO–0.1BaO–0.2PbO–0.2GeO2–0.35TeO2 glass have been investigated under 976 nm excitation for potential use in full colour displays. Two luminescence ions, Er3+ and Tm3+, were used as blue, green and red emitters to control the colour of th…
Nanometer-sized ferrite magnetic materials are the subject of intense research interest due to their potential applications in high-density magnetic information storage. One of the most explored ferrite materials is the cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4). We have synthesized cobalt ferrite nanowires using cobalt ferrite nanopar…
As a result of hundreds of millions of years of evolution, orb-web-weaving spiders have developed the use of seven different silks produced by different abdominal glands for various functions. Tubuliform silk (eggcase silk) is unique among these spider silks due to its high serine and very low glycine content. In addi…
A new photocage is proposed, based on ketoprofen-derived compounds and mediated by carbanions. The new photocage has significant advantages over the widely used o-nitrobenzyl derivatives, including aqueous compatibility, faster photorelease, higher quantum yield, and innocuous byproducts. The photorelease of ibuprofen…