Materials Literature
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The discovery of X-ray diffraction in 1912 by Laue and co-workers had important implications for the physics of diffraction, for the nature of X-radiation and for the structure of matter. Lawrence Bragg made important contributions to early developments in each of these areas, but the most pregnant of his innovations…
Unraveling the atomic structures of ultrafine iron clusters is critical to understanding their size-dependent catalytic effects and electronic properties. Here, we describe the stable close-packed structure of ultrafine Fe clusters for the first time, thanks to the superior properties of graphene, including the monola…
A new class of ratiometric fluorescence sensors composed of rare-earth (RE) compound nanotubes is described. Polyethylenimine-coated yttrium hydroxide fluoride nanotubes (YHF NTs) that were synthesized hydrothermally exhibit highly efficient fluorescence when doped with RE ions. The polyethylenimine on the NTs facilit…
marks the centenary of the reading of the paper by William Lawrence Bragg (WLB) to the Cambridge Philosophical Society outlining the foundations of X-ray crystallography. It included the derivation of the first correct atomic structure of a crystal, namely that of zinc blende, based on the X-ray diffraction pattern re…
Photosensitive microcapsules and membranes based on poly(α-methylstilbenesebacoate-co-α-methylstilbeneisophthalate), containing the photosensitive α-methylstilbene moiety, were prepared by a phase-inversion precipitation process. In order to simulate the morphology and behavior of the microcapsule shell under UV irrad…
Abstract Stimuli‐responsive micellar nanoparticles are gaining considerable attention in the field of drug delivery because of their great advantages of high efficiency in tumor accumulation through the enhanced permeability and retention effect and rapid drug release. In this study, a novel catechol moiety‐containing…
Abstract A series of monomer casting (MC) nylon‐6/SiO 2 composites were prepared via in situ polymerization. It was found that the tensile strength, storage modulus, and notched charpy impact strength of the composites were improved and reached maximum at 3–5 wt% loading of SiO 2 . The α relaxation peak corresponding…
To analyze the Johari–Goldstein (JG) secondary process, dielectric relaxation measurements were carried out on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(thiomethyl methacrylate) (PTMA). The latter has a sulfur atom replacing the oxygen in the ester of PMMA, making the pendant group much less polar. This weakens the in…
Abstract Die antibakterielle Wirkung von Silber wird in zahlreichen Haushalts‐ und Medizinprodukten genutzt. Dabei kommen außer Beschichtungen aus metallischem Silber auch Silbersalze und zunehmend auch Silber‐Nanopartikel zum Einsatz. Der Stand der Forschung zur Wirkung von Silber auf Bakterien, Zellen und höhere Org…
Antimatter is barely known by the chemist community and this article has the vocation to explain how antimatter, in particular antihydrogen, can be obtained, as well as to show how mesoporous materials could be used as a further improvement for the production of antimatter at very low temperatures (below 1 K). The fir…
Substantial limitations and uncertainties hinder the exposure assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). The present deficit of reliable measurements and models will inevitably lead in the near term to qualitative and uncertain exposure estimations, which may fail to support adequate risk assessment and management…
Nanotubes of metal-free 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)porphyrin (H2TClPP) are fabricated by using nanoporous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane as the template. The morphology and structure of the nanotubes are investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron m…
The decatungstate anion [W(10)O(32)](4-) is widely used as a photocatalyst in different transformations, during which it undergoes one-electron reduction to [W(10)O(32)](5-), possibly protonated; the bi-reduced species [W(10)O(32)](6-) is obtained by ensuing disproportionation. Relativistic DFT calculations were used…
Abstract Luminescence processes occurring in the 5d 1 excited state of Ce 3+ and Pr 3+ centers in the (Gd,RE) 3 (Ga,Al) 5 O 12 , RE=Lu,Y, multicomponent garnet host were studied by purely optical contactless methods. Combination of measurements of the prompt nanosecond decay and slow delayed radiative recombination de…
Abstract As part of an ongoing search for highly hydrophilic waterborne polyurethanes for waterproof breathable fabrics, a waterborne polyurethane [waterborne polyurethane‐ureas (WBPU): P70, the number indicates the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) content] dispersion was synthesized from PEG (70 wt %) and dimethylol propi…
AgxMoyOz (Ag/α-MoO3, Ag/h-MoO3, Ag/β-MoO3, Ag2Mo2O7, and Ag2MoO4) nanomaterials are synthesized at relatively low temperature (80 °C) and with a short hydrothermal treatment time (3 h) using glucose (Glc) as a catalyst. Contrary to previous studies, it is possible to synthesize one of the AgxMoyOz binaries at 80 °C by…
In the present study, ZnS and ZnO quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized via an all-aqueous process with polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains on their surface, and their toxicity as well as biodistribution were evaluated. No haemolysis occurred at a high concentration of 1600 µg/mL in vitro haemolytic assay, which demonstrat…
We use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to show that a DNA-like double helix of two poly(acetylene) (PA) chains can form inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The computational results indicate that SWNTs can activate and guide the self-assembly of polymer chains, allowing them to adopt a helical configura…
The switching of topology between "figure-eight", Möbius, and untwisted conformations in [32]heptaphyrins(1.1.1.1.1.1.1) has been investigated by using density functional theory calculations. Such a change is achieved by variation of one internal dihedral angle and, if properly controlled, can provide access to molecu…
Large polystyrene particles stabilized by poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) (L-PS(PAA)) (as the core) and small polystyrene particles stabilized by poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) (S-PS(PVP)) (as the corona) were successfully used to prepare raspberry-like particles by a heterocoagulation technique utilizing the hydrogen bonding…