Materials Literature
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Many properties of open-cell ceramic foam monoliths prepared by means of the sponge replication method can be controlled by adjusting the viscosity of the ceramic slip to the pore count of the templating polymer sponge. Catalyst carriers with tailored strut thicknesses, relative densities, and void fractions in the ra…
The microbial production of L-(+)-lactic acid is rapidly expanding to allow increased production of polylactic acid (PLA), a renewable, biodegradable plastic. The physical properties of PLA can be tailored for specific applications by controlling the ratio of L-(+) and D-(-) isomers. For most uses of PLA, the L-(+) is…
The uses and limitations of the electrostatic probe for the measurement of charge densities on insulating surfaces are discussed. A development of the technique is described in which two important limitations have together been overcome: (i) The effects on the probe signal of charges on all points of the surface have…
Optimization of cell seeding and culturing is an important step for the successful tissue engineering of vascular conduits. We evaluated the effectiveness of using a hybridization oven for rotational seeding and culturing of ovine vascular myofibroblasts onto biodegradable polymer scaffolds suitable for replacement of…
Abstract Porphyrin supramolecules were constructed by ligand coordination to central metal ions, hydrogen bonding, or chelate complexation to external metal ions. meso-N-Methyl-2-imidazolyl-substituted porphyrin afforded a special pair model and a light-harvesting antenna mimic by complementary coordination of imidazo…
This study investigates the working principle of compact spinning technology and the structural differences between Com4® yams spun by a Rieter ComforSpin® K40 compact spinning machine and conventional ring spun yarns. Differences in yam quality are observed. The higher tensile strengths and lower hairiness of the Com…
A new strategy has been put forward that small complexes with several linear-aligned metal cations can provide precursors for the growth of metal oxide nanowires, if they can be linearly connected with each other by bridging anions with rodlike micelles confined. As an example, Cu 2 O monocrystalline nanowires were pr…
Zinc speciation was studied by EXAFS spectroscopy, μ-SXRF elemental mapping, XRD, and chemical extraction methods in two smelter-impacted soils sampled near one of the largest Pb and Zn processing plants in Europe, which is located in northern France about 50 km south of Lille. The tilled and wooded soils chosen for s…
Abstract The effects of various types of compatibilizers on the mechanical properties of high‐density polyethylene/wood flour (HDPE/WF) composite were investigated. Functionalized polyolefins such as maleated and acrylic acid grafted polyethylenes, maleated polypropylene (PPgMA) and styrene‐ethylene/butylene‐styrene t…
Calcite aggregates are mineralized in an organic poly-acrylamide hydrogel using a counter diffusion arrangement. The particles obtained show a characteristic pseudo-octahedral morphology, which is unexpected for calcite crystals. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy reveal a microstructure composed of individ…
The synthesis and characterization of a novel series of polymer gels are reported. They are formed at ambient temperatures by bubbling CO(2) through solutions of polyallylamine (PAA; a latent gellant) in several organic liquids, including aliphatic alcohols and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The stabilities of the alcohol ge…
External corrosion is a major factor contributing to the deterioration of cast iron water mains; it weakens the pipe wall, which increases the risk of failure. External corrosion is a function of the interaction between the pipeline and the soil that surrounds it. The aggressiveness of soil towards cast iron is affect…
Abnormal grain growth without strong anisotropy or faceting of the grains has been observed in high‐purity yttria‐doped alumina specimens, often starting at the surface and spreading right through the bulk at higher sintering temperatures. This appears to occur because of an interaction between Si contamination from s…
Sr 2 CoWO 6 perovskite has been prepared in polycrystalline form by solid-state reaction at 1150 °C. This material has been studied by high-resolution synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction (NPD), magnetic measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). At room temperature, the crystal structure i…
The design, preparation, and properties of organic-inorganic hybrid compounds are described and discussed with respect to their potential uses as intelligent and bioinspired materials. Several synthesis strategies based on intercalation in 2D solids, the grafting of organic groups onto silica and silicates, and the se…
A set of full-matrix recursion formulas for the W --> S variant of the S-matrix algorithm is derived, which includes the recent results of some other authors as a subset. In addition, a special type of symmetry that is often found in the structure of coefficient matrices (W matrices) that appear in boundary-matching c…
We developed a sensitive fluorescence assay for the quantitation of proteins in solution using the NanoOrange reagent, a merocyanine dye that produces a large increase in fluorescence quantum yield upon interaction with detergent-coated proteins. The NanoOrange assay allowed for the detection of 10 ng/mL to 10 microgr…
The calcitic prisms of the shells of two bivalves, Pinna and Pinctada, are considered simple prisms according to some morphological and mineralogical characteristics. Scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic studies show that the microstructures and nanostructures of these two shells are different. P…
Syntheses are reported of new 4,4'-dialkyl-2,2'-bithiazole oligomers that have alkenoxy side chains that are capable of easy conversion to oligomers with functionalized side chains, e.g., terminally substituted hydroxy chains. The crystal structures of two representative oligomers (4,4',4' ',4' "-tetra-(2-propenoxymet…
The main components of a new beamline for surface and interface crystal structure determination at SPring-8 are briefly described. Stages for the beamline monochromator are modified for making an incident X-ray intensity more stable for surface X-ray experiments. Absolute photon flux densities were measured with an in…