Materials Literature
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Layered double hydroxysalt green rusts, GRs, are very reactive compounds and their general formula, [Fe 2 (1-x) Fe 3+ x (OH) 2 ] x+ [x/n A n- ·m H 2 O] x- , where x is the ratio Fe 3+ /Fe tot , reflects the structure in which brucite-like layers alternate with interlayers of anions A n- and water molecules. A GR miner…
Polymer nanocomposites consisting of 32 nm diameter TiO 2 nanoparticles and epoxy resin were ultrasonically processed and the mechanical and permeability properties of the resulting composites were compared to composites containing 0.24 μm TiO 2 particles and to neat resin. It was found that the nanocomposites with we…
Abstract A series of the longest class of oligothiophenes extended at intervals of seven thiophene units from the 6-mer up to the 48-mer has been synthesized by a combination of the random Eglinton coupling reaction of mono- and di-ethynylsexithiophenes and a subsequent sodium sulfide-induced cyclization reaction of t…
Abstract Fire retardants may considerably improve the fire properties of wood products, but the durability, e.g. in exterior applications, has not been addressed fully. This paper reviews the existing knowledge and experience mainly from the USA with the aim of supporting further development in Europe. The review is c…
The yeast enzymes involved in UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis are potential targets for antifungal agents. GNA1, a novel member of the Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) superfamily, participates in UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis by catalyzing the formation of GlcNAc6P from AcCoA and GlcN6P. We have solved three crystal structu…
Two different phases of LaMnO3+δ [one showing a metal–insulator transition (MIT), referred to as LaMn–C, and the other not showing a MIT, referred to as LaMn-S] have been clearly observed to follow two different conduction mechanisms. Interestingly, small polaron hopping models of Mott, Schnakenberg, and Emin are foun…
We present Mn K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) data for a number of manganite systems as a function of temperature. The $1s$ absorption edge for the Ca-substituted samples is very sharp, almost featureless, and shifts uniformly upwards with increasing Ca content. The interpretation of this result is…
We developed low-resistivity transparent conductive films having the structure of indium-tin-oxide/silver/indium-tin-oxide (ITO/Ag/ITO). The thin silver film was sandwiched by ITO films. Our goal was to study the characteristics of the sandwich films and the display characteristics of simple-matrix liquid-crystal disp…
Abstract The use of as little as 0.1 mol% [RhCl(C 8 H 14 ) 2 ] 2 , 0.25 mol% PtCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 , or 0.5 mol% RuHCl(CO)(PPh 3 ) 3 , where Ph = phenyl, catalyzes the isomerization of soybean oil to conjugated soybean oil under mild reaction conditions and in high yields. No hydrogenation products are detected with any o…
We previously synthesized new nanocomposites that have clays uniformly dispersed in a nylon-6 matrix. Observation under the transmission electron microscope showed these clays to be a 1-nm-thick, 100-nm-wide layered filler. Recently, we have succeeded in making a three-dimensional observation of the cross section of t…
The extracellular matrix (ECM), constituting the follicular basal lamina and present also between follicular cells and in the follicular fluid, is believed to regulate granulosa cell (GC) function during follicular development. Ovine GCs isolated from small (1-3 mm in diameter) or large (4-7 mm in diameter) antral fol…
Bandpass filters based on guided-mode resonance effects in waveguide-grating structures are obtained by use of a genetic algorithm search-and-optimization routine. Calculated examples show that narrow linewidths, high peaks, and low sideband transmittances can be achieved in thin-film diffractive devices with few laye…
The fundamental atomic-level properties of (a/2)(111) screw dislocations and other defects in bcc Ta have been simulated by means of new quantum-based multi-ion interatomic potentials derived from the model generalized pseudopotential theory (MGPT). The potentials have been validated in detail using a combination of e…
The biological activity of some proteins is known to be sensitive to oxidative damage caused by a variety of oxidants. The model protein staphylococcal nuclease was used to explore the effect on protein structural stability of oxidizing methionine to the sulfoxide form. These effects were compared with the effects of…
The temperature dependence of the viscosity and stress‐relaxation kinetics of sol–gel‐derived SiOC glasses that contain up to 14 at.% carbon have been characterized in the temperature range of 1000°–1400°C. The viscosity, as determined from relaxation experiments, is in good agreement with the creep viscosity and is t…
The equilibrium core structure of isolated (a/2)〈111〉 screw dislocations are calculated using a first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave method within the local-density approximation of density functional theory, The long-range strain field of the dislocation is treated using a variation of the recently developed l…
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy was performed on phthalocyanine samples in the gas phase and as thin vapor-deposited solid films. The results are compared to those of molecular orbital calculations and electrochemical redox experiments in solutions and as solid films. Electron-withdrawing groups or substituents…
Diamond field effect transistors have operated in electrolyte solution for the first time. Since the hydrogen-terminated diamond surfaces are stable enough for the use as an electrochemical electrode, the diamond surface channels are exposed to the electrolyte in the transistor structure. A perfect pinch-off and satur…
Two new methods that substantially ease the processing and study of refractory metals, when an electrostatic levitation furnace is used, are reported. The first technique is concerned with preheating the sample on a pedestal, prior to launch, to a temperature (∼1500 K) at which thermionic emission dominates all other…
A critical review is presented of recent experimental and theoretical work on the steady sedimentation of particulate suspensions in viscous fluids. The point of view is that of a practitioner of non-equilibrium statistical physics rather than classical fluid mechanics.