Materials Literature
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Recent research on the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into ceramic and metal matrices to form composite structures is briefly reviewed, with an emphasis on processing methods, mechanical performance, and prospects for successful applications.
Clay/polymer nanocomposites offer tremendous improvement in a wide range of physical and engineering properties for polymers with low filler loading. This technology can now be applied commercially and has received great attention in recent years. The major development in this field has been carried out over the last…
Poly(dimethylsiloxane) [-Si(CH3)(2)O-] is by far the most studied of the polysiloxanes and is known to exhibit some intriguing physical properties, in particular very high permeability to gases. Simulations are underway in an attempt to understand some of these peculiarities. In addition, other symmetrically substitut…
Photochromic reactions of diarylethene derivatives were detected at a single-molecule level by using a fluorescence technique. Fluorescent photoswitching molecules in which photochromic diarylethene and fluorescent bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene units are linked through an adamantyl spacer were synthesized, and switchin…
Planar metamaterials that exhibit a zero index of refraction have been realized experimentally by several research groups. Their existence stimulated the present investigation, which details the properties of a passive, dispersive metamaterial that is matched to free space and has an index of refraction equal to zero.…
We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar el…
It has been conjectured that atomic oxygen and ozone can have a great influence on the plasma oxidation of ultrathin aluminum for magnetic tunnel junctions. In order to measure the density of O and ozone, two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence measurements are performed in the dc glow plasma that is used for…
Spontan entstehen Mikrokügelchen, wenn geladene Polyaminosäuren mit entgegengesetzt geladenen mehrwertigen organischen Ionen vereint werden. Die Kugeloberflächen sind chemisch aktiv und dienen als Template für die Kondensation von Kieselsäuren, wobei je nach Säure leere oder polymergefüllte Systeme erhalten werden (si…
Tryptophanase from Escherichia coli is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent homotetrametic enzyme with a subunit weight of 52 kDa. It has been crystallized in the apo form by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method using polyethylene glycol 400 as a precipitant and magnesium chloride as an additive. The crystals belong to…
The enzymes of the shikimate pathway are potential targets for the development of new therapies because they are essential for bacteria but absent from mammals. The last step in this pathway is performed by chorismate synthase (CS), which catalyzes the conversion of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate to chorismate. Op…
Abstract In the present work equations have been derived for thermomagnetic and galvanomagnetic effects of multiphase systems. The equations allow us to analyse complex thermal–electrical–magnetic properties of semiconductors under variation of concentration and configuration of inclusions. The results obtained make i…
Like a chlorinated golf ball aptly describes a new kind of chlorosiloxane particle (SixOyClz, CSN; see picture). Under suitable conditions they are formed by the reaction between SiCl4 and O2 in the gas phase. The surface of these spherical, amorphous particles is densely covered by chlorine atoms. These can be substi…
Observations and measurements are reported on the patterns and rates of growth in time of the double-diffusive cells that form adjacent to a cooled sidewall in a saltstratified environment. Fluid near the wall is cooled and sinks a distance $h$ where its density, increased by cooling, matches that of the salt-stratifi…
The effect of <TEX>$H_2$</TEX> gas on the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) synthesis with CO-<TEX>$H_2$</TEX> gas mixture was investigated using mass measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The maximum weight and yield of the synthesized carbon were obtained when the mixture ratio of <TEX>$H_2$</TEX>: CO was 3 : 7…
The evolution of local electronic states in $\mathrm{Ni}{\mathrm{S}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{x}$ pyrite as a bandwidth-controlled metal-insulator transition (MIT) approached from the metallic side is explored by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). Atomically resolved images of $\mathrm{Se}∕\…
The origin of two luminescence bands with maxima around $1.05\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ and $0.95\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ is studied in silicon $pn$ diodes prepared by boron implantation. The two peaks are related to the formation of $p$-type doping spikes on a nanometer scale. These doping…
We study the spin dynamics of the manganites ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.9}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.1}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.91}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.09}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ in magnetic field. Previous studies in zero field have shown that the magnetic ground state is inhomogeneous with ferromagnetic $(F)…
Abstract The new nanocomposites, by means of an in situ sol–gel process consisting of metallocene polyethylene–octene elastomer (POE) and titanium tetraisopropylate (TTIP), were investigated. In addition, the acrylic acid grafted POE (POE‐ g ‐AA) was studied as an alternative to POE. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)…
Abstract The blue coloured complex [Cu(HL)(H 2 O)(ClO 4 )]ClO 4 ·H 2 O·MeOH ( 1· H 2 O·MeOH) has been synthesised in excellent yields by reacting Cu(ClO 4 ) 2 ·6H 2 O with N , N ‐bis(2‐methylpyridyl)(3,5‐dimethyl‐2‐hydroxybenzyl)amine (HL) in methanol. The same reaction, when carried out in the presence of sodium azid…
The use of guest−host systems, where phthalocyanines assume the role of guest inclusions in an otherwise homogeneous host polymer film, is a feasible method toward applying the phthalocyanine moiety in a solid-state passive optical limiter. In this contribution, a preparation method for the fabrication of such composi…