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Dehydroxylation and Transformations of the 2:1 Phyllosilicate Pyrophyllite at Elevated Temperatures: An Infrared Spectroscopic Study

Ling Wang、Ming Zhang、Simon A. T. Redfern 等 4 位作者2002-04-01Clays and Clay Minerals

Abstract The thermally-induced dehydroxylation and transformations of the 2:1 phyllosilicate pyrophyllite have been studied using infrared spectroscopy in the frequency range 350–11000 cm −1 and the temperature range 200–1500°C. The dehydroxylation of pyrophyllite to pyrophyllite dehydroxylate occurs between 500 and 9…

Glass properties and applicationsClay minerals and soil interactionsIron oxide chemistry and applications

Atomic Resolution Analysis of the Defect Chemistry and Microdomain Structure of Brownmillerite‐Type Strontium Cobaltite

Yasuo Ito、Robert F. Klie、Nigel D. Browning 等 4 位作者2002-04-01Journal of the American Ceramic Society

To investigate the fundamental aspects of vacancy ordering in oxygen‐transporting ceramic membranes, we have performed atomic resolution analysis of individual domains in brownmillerite‐type SrCoO 3−δ . Electron energy loss spectroscopy indicates that the Co valence state in adjacent planes can be 2+ and 4+. This char…

Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel CellsMagnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsElectronic and Structural Properties of Oxides

Reduction of reflection losses in ZnGeP2 using motheye antireflection surface relief structures

Cihat Aydın、A. Zaslavsky、G. J. Sonek 等 4 位作者2002-04-01Applied Physics Letters

We report the reduction of surface reflection losses in zinc germanium phosphide (ZnGeP2, or ZGP) crystals by fabricating an antireflection (AR) structure in the substrate itself using subwavelength motheye surface patterns. The motheye AR patterning works by creating a region of gradually varying effective refractive…

Photonic and Optical DevicesPhotonic Crystals and ApplicationsOptical Coatings and Gratings

Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ partitioning among silicates in metapelites: A synchrotron micro-XANES study

M. D. Dyar、Emily W. Lowe、Charles V. Guidotti 等 4 位作者2002-04-01American Mineralogist

Synchrotron micro-XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) spectroscopy (SmX) was used to measure Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ distribution among minerals in standard thin sections with an X-ray beam size of 10 ¥ 15 mm. Measurements were made at beamline X26a, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Lab. Samples…

Clay minerals and soil interactionsIron oxide chemistry and applicationsGeochemistry and Geologic Mapping

Structural and electronic properties of electron cyclotron resonance plasma deposited hydrogenated amorphous carbon and carbon nitride films

C. Godet、N. M. J. Conway、J.E. Bourée 等 6 位作者2002-04-01Journal of Applied Physics

Hydrogenated amorphous carbon and carbon nitride films (a-C1−xNx:H) have been synthesized from methane, acetylene, or acetylene–nitrogen precursor gases using a high density electron cyclotron resonance plasma. The deposition and etching rates, along with the film stoichiometry, density, Raman signature of the sp2 pha…

Metal and Thin Film MechanicsSemiconductor materials and devicesDiamond and Carbon-based Materials Research

VALVE MORPHOGENESIS IN THE CENTRIC DIATOM PROBOSCIA ALATA SUNDSTROM1

Allison van de Meene、J. D. Pickett‐Heaps2002-04-01Journal of Phycology

Valve morphogenesis in Proboscia alata Sundstrom was followed in living cells and during treatment with antiactin and antimicrotubule drugs. Once cleaved, sibling cells rounded up and retracted. Soon, a granular organizing center (OC) appeared adjacent to the stub of the initiated valve. Silicification started within…

Glycosylation and Glycoproteins ResearchProtist diversity and phylogenyDiatoms and Algae Research

Ferumoxtran-10, a superparamagnetic iron oxide as a magnetic resonance enhancement agent for imaging lymph nodes: a phase 2 dose study.

Patricia A. Hudgins、Yoshimi Anzai、Marie R. Morris 等 4 位作者2002-04-01PubMed

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dextran-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide ferumoxtran-10 (Combidex) is used in reticuloendothelial MR imaging. Our purpose was to determine the optimal dose and imaging time for lymph node evaluation. MATERIALS: Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent neck MR imaging before and 6,…

Head and Neck Cancer StudiesLanthanide and Transition Metal ComplexesMRI in cancer diagnosis

Hydrogel of Radiation-Induced Cross-Linked Hydroxypropylcellulose

Radosław A. Wach、Hiroshi Mitomo、Fumio Yoshii 等 4 位作者2002-04-01Macromolecular Materials and Engineering

Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) hydrogel being a material of natural origin, combines the properties of a polymer, which make up the network, with biodegradability. In this report the effects of high energy radiation on the ether of cellulose-HPC are presented. The polymer irradiated in its solid state or in dilute aqueo…

Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applicationsAdvanced Cellulose Research StudiesElectrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications

Effect of Reaction Parameters on γ‐AlON Formation from Al 2 O 3 and AlN

Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay、Georg Rixecker、Fritz Aldinger 等 6 位作者2002-04-01Journal of the American Ceramic Society

The formation of γ‐AlON from Al 2 O 3 and AlN was investigated as a function of some of the reaction parameters, that is, temperature and time. The appearance of phases was followed in conjunction with the change in lattice parameter to reveal the reaction sequences of formation. An oxygen‐rich γ‐AlON phase formed fir…

Advanced ceramic materials synthesisSemiconductor materials and devicesMagnesium Oxide Properties and Applications

A SOLUTION TO THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF BISMUTITE AND BEYERITE

Joel D. Grice2002-04-01The Canadian Mineralogist

The crystal structures of bismutite, Bi2(CO3)O2, a 3.865(2), b 3.862(2), c 13.675(6) Å, V 204.1(2) Å3, space group Imm2, Z = 2, and beyerite, CaBi2(CO3)2O2, a 3.7729(5), b 3.7742(7), c 21.726(4) Å, V 309.4(1) Å3, space group Immm, Z = 2, have been refined to R indices of 0.0206 and 0.0145 on the basis of 184 and 258 u…

Crystal Structures and PropertiesAdvanced Condensed Matter PhysicsX-ray Diffraction in Crystallography

Numerical simulation of the 3ω method for measuring the thermal conductivity

A. Jacquot、B. Lenoir、A. Dauscher 等 5 位作者2002-04-01Journal of Applied Physics

A four-pad 3ω method was developed for determining the thermal conductivity of bulk and thin film materials. The heat conduction in the sample geometry was investigated by numerical simulation employing the finite volume technique. As a result, the conditions (i.e., sample geometry, frequency range) can be predicted w…

Heat Transfer and OptimizationThermal properties of materialsComposite Material Mechanics

New Poly(butylene succinate)/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites: Preparation and Mechanical Properties

Suprakas Sinha Ray、Kazuaki Okamoto、Pralay Maiti 等 4 位作者2002-04-01Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

New poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/layered silicate nanocomposites have been successfully prepared by simple melt extrusion of PBS and octadecylammonium modified montmorillonite (C18-mmt) at 150 degrees C. The d-spacing of both C18-mmt and intercalated nanocomposites was investigated by wide-angle X-ray diffraction an…

Polymer Nanocomposites and Propertiesbiodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesSilicone and Siloxane Chemistry

Motion of droplets along thin fibers with temperature gradient

Alexander L. Yarin、Wenxia Liu、Darrell H. Reneker2002-04-01Journal of Applied Physics

Liquid n-decane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, and n-hexadecane formed tiny symmetrical droplets on a partially wettable cylindrical fiber. When a temperature gradient was created along the fiber, the droplets began to move along the fiber toward the cold region. An explanation of the phenomenon is related to the thermocapi…

Surface Modification and SuperhydrophobicityFluid Dynamics and Heat TransferFluid Dynamics and Thin Films

THE USE OF END-MEMBER CHARGE-ARRANGEMENTS IN DEFINING NEW MINERAL SPECIES AND HETEROVALENT SUBSTITUTIONS IN COMPLEX MINERALS

F. C. Hawthorne2002-04-01The Canadian Mineralogist

The characteristics of an end-member formula are defined as follows: (1) the chemical formula must be fixed; no variable chemical components are possible; (2) the end-member formula must be compatible with the crystal structure of the mineral (or putative mineral); (3) the chemical composition at each site in the crys…

Geological and Geochemical AnalysisCrystal Structures and PropertiesClay minerals and soil interactions

Defect production and annealing in ion-irradiated Si nanocrystals

Domenico Pacifici、Eduardo Ceretta Moreira、G. Franzò 等 6 位作者2002-04-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

In this paper the formation and annihilation of defects produced in Si nanocrystals (nc) by ion-beam irradiation are investigated in detail. The luminescence properties of Si nanocrystals embedded in a ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ matrix were used as a probe of the damaging effects generated by high-energy ion-beam irradiatio…

Semiconductor materials and devicesSilicon Nanostructures and PhotoluminescenceIon-surface interactions and analysis

Thermal post-buckling and aeroelastic behaviour of shape memory alloy reinforced plates

Mohammad Tawfik、Jeng-Jong Ro、Chuh Mei2002-04-01Smart Materials and Structures

A novel concept is proposed: the use of shape memory alloy (SMA) to reduce panel thermal deflection and flutter responses. SMA has a unique ability to recover large pre-strains completely when the alloy is heated above the austenite finish temperature A f . The transformation austenite start temperature A s for nitino…

Composite Structure Analysis and OptimizationShape Memory Alloy TransformationsStructural Analysis and Optimization

Single-walled carbon nanotubes: from fundamental studies to new device concepts.

Teri W. Odom、Jin-Lin Huang、Charles M. Lieber2002-04-01PubMed

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are ideal systems for investigating fundamental properties in one-dimensional electronic systems and have the potential to revolutionize many aspects of nano/molecular electronics. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to characterize the atomic structure and tunnelin…

Carbon Nanotubes in CompositesGraphene research and applicationsMolecular Junctions and Nanostructures

Biodistribution of a 153Gd-Folate Dendrimer, Generation = 4, in Mice With Folate-Receptor Positive and Negative Ovarian Tumor Xenografts

Sheela D. Konda、Steven Wang、Martin W. Brechbiel 等 4 位作者2002-04-01Investigative Radiology

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: An important characteristic of targeted contrast agents is how they are tolerated in a biologic environment and their localization in the surrounding tissues in addition to target tissue. We evaluate the biodistribution of a gadolinium Gd 153-folate-dendrimer in high affinity folate-receptor…

Nanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryLanthanide and Transition Metal ComplexesDendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers

IN-SITU CORE-LEVEL PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY OF ADSORBATES ON SURFACES INVOLVING A MOLECULAR BEAM — GENERAL SETUP AND FIRST EXPERIMENTS

R. Denecke、M. Kinne、Caroline M. Whelan 等 4 位作者2002-04-01Surface Review and Letters

In this contribution we introduce a new apparatus combining high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy and supersonic molecular beam techniques designed to follow simple surface reactions like adsorption, desorption or oxidation in situ in a time- and temperature-resolved manner. Using high brightness synchrotron radi…

Advanced Chemical Physics StudiesElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy TechniquesSurface and Thin Film Phenomena

Chloride Corrosion Threshold of Reinforcing Steel in Alkaline Solutions—Cyclic Polarization Behavior

L. Li、AA Sagüés2002-04-01CORROSION

Cyclic polarization (CYP) experiments were performed on reinforcing steel bars of various surface finishes in chloride-containing alkaline solutions (pH 11.6 ~ 13.6). Pitting initiation was observed at potentials below the oxygen evolution potential (EOE) when the solution [Cl–]/[OH–] ratio (CR) was high enough. The p…

Corrosion Behavior and InhibitionHydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metalsConcrete Corrosion and Durability