Materials Literature
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Novel phosphorus-containing epoxy resins (1–3% phosphorus content) were synthesized by the reaction of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) and the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and then cured with 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone or phenol novolac. Differential scanning calorimetry, high performanc…
High-resolution, inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of the dynamic structure factor S(q,omega) of liquid water in the THz frequency range have been performed as a function of wave vector q (1-7 nm(-1)) and temperature T (273-473 K), using pressure (0-1.5 kbar) to keep the density at rho approximately 1 g/cm(3). W…
A very high-resolution scanning nonlinear dielectric microscope was developed for the observation of ferroelectric polarization. We demonstrate that the resolution of the microscope is of a nanometer order by measurement of the c–c domain wall of a BaTiO3 single crystal, and that this microscope is very useful not onl…
Solvent flattening is a powerful tool for improving crystallographic phases for macromolecular structures obtained at moderate resolution, but uncertainties in the optimal weighting of experimental phases and modified phases make it difficult to extract all the phase information possible. Solvent flattening is essenti…
We present an experimental study of the rheology of polydisperse aqueous foams of different gas volume fractions φ. With oscillatory deformation at fixed frequency, we determine the behavior of the maximum stress as a function of the strain amplitude. At low strain, the maximum stress increases linearly, defining a sh…
Laboratory tests and kinetic modeling were carried out in order to provide kinetic input data to a systematic investigation of the mechanism of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) storage in catalysts used for lean-burn engines. In particular, we present a kinetic model of the NO oxidation to NO 2 over a Pt/Al 2 O 3 model catalys…
All oxide-based, transparent polycrystalline p–n heterojunctions on a glass substrate were fabricated. The structure of the diode was n+-ZnO electrode/n-ZnO/p-SrCu2O2/In2−xSnxO3 electrode on the substrate. The contact between the n- and p-type semiconducting oxides was found to be rectifying. The ratio of forward curr…
Couplers, filters, and polarization separators are some of the applications of azobenzene-based amorphous polymers such as the one shown in the Figure. The photoinduced orientation and randomization processes in films of these materials are discussed as is their possible exploitation in reversible optical storage, wav…
Humic substances (HS) form molecular aggregates in solution and on mineral surfaces. Elucidation of the mechanism of formation of these aggregates is important for an understanding of the interactions of HS in soils and natural waters. The HS are formed mainly by enzymatic depolymerization and oxidation of plant biopo…
The segmental ligand bis{1-ethyl-2-[6‘-carboxy)pyridin-2‘-yl]benzimidazol-5-yl}methane (L C ) reacts with the entire series of Ln III ions to yield a new class of neutral lanthanide carboxylates, the triple-stranded dimetallic helicates [Ln 2 (L C -2H) 3 ], which are stable in water in the pH range 4−13. A competitive…
A valence force field based on H\"uckel's theory has been developed, which allows us to establish a close correlation between phonons of graphite and the normal modes of small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (such as coronene and hexabenzocoronene). The results show that in these systems two kinds of motions dominate…
The magnetization and magnetoresistance are studied in La 0.5 Ca 0.5 MnO 3−γ as a function of oxygen content. It is found that as the oxygen content is decreased, this compound undergoes a sequence of transitions from an antiferromagnetic to a ferromagnetic state (γ⩾0.04), from the ferromagnetic to a spin-glass state…
Thulium‐doped yttrium oxide thin films were grown on amorphous quartz and indium‐tin oxide glass substrates employing an electron‐beam evaporation technique. Structural characterization was carried out at various substrate and annealing temperatures. was evaluated as a blue‐emitting phosphor for field emission display…
Abstract Two kinds of block-type porous materials of carbon nanotubes were fabricated. One was fabricated by hot-pressing without any binding materials, the other was synthesized through carbonization of a cured mixture of carbon nanotubes and phenol-formaldehyde resin. The specific surface area and total volume of th…
Nonresonant-type homogeneous Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glasses were prepared by melting. The third-order optical nonlinear susceptibility χ(3), which was determined by measurement of third-harmonic generation, increased with increasing concentrations of Bi2O3 in the glass. The maximum χ(3) estimated was 9.3×10-12 esu in glass t…
We investigated the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin encapsulated in polyethyleneglycol-coated long-circulating liposomes in a formulation referred to as SPI-077, in three mouse tumor models (M-109 lung carcinoma inoculated s.c., J-6456 lymphoma inoculated i.p. and A-375 melanoma inoculated s.c.)…
Pourbaix diagrams (potential-pH diagrams) for the ternary system of Fe-Cr-Ni at 25°C to 300°C were calculated. Extrapolation of thermochemical data to elevated temperatures was performed with the revised model of Helgeson-Kirkham-Flowers, which also allows uncharged aqueous complexes to be handled. The large stability…
A detailed analysis of crack propagation in tetragonal zirconia polycrystals doped with 3 mol% of Y 2 O 3 (3Y‐TZP) ceramics is presented. Crack propagation tests have been conducted for crack velocities of 10 ‐12 ‐10 ‐3 m/s in several environments, including air, water (in the temperature range of 3°‐85°C), secondary…
Electrical resistivity (\ensuremath{\rho}), magnetoresistance (MR), magnetization, thermopower, and Hall-effect measurements on the single-crystal ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}{\mathrm{PdSi}}_{3},$ crystallizing in an ${\mathrm{AlB}}_{2}$-derived hexagonal structure, are reported. The well-defined minimum in \ensuremath{\rho} at…
Bismuth oxide, when stabilized in the face‐centered cubic phase by lanthanide doping, has one of the highest oxygen‐ion conductivities among all solid oxide electrolytes. We previously reported a time‐dependent aging phenomenon in phase‐stabilized bismuth oxides that involves ordering of the anion sublattice, as disti…