Materials Literature
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Bacterial resistance to existing antibiotics poses a serious threat to human health. Because the peptidoglycan layer surrounding bacterial cells is essential for survival, the enzymes involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis are attractive targets for the design of new antibiotics. Unfortunately, many of these enzymes a…
We report detailed lattice dynamical calculations of the large isotropic negative thermal expansion (NTE) over 0--1050 K in ${\mathrm{ZrW}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ in its cubic phase. The results bring out the unusually dominant quantitative contributions to NTE of the transverse acoustic, and librational and translation…
We have deposited nanocrystalline diamond films on p-type Si(100) substrates using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The diamond films were deposited at substrate temperatures between 950 and 980 °C using a high methane concentration of 5% in H2. The films obtained showed good field emission properties…
With the aim to construct synthetic systems that function according to the principles of enzymes, molecular clips based on diphenylglycoluril were covalently attached to (metallo)porphyrins. Two different porphyrin clips, 1 and 2, were synthesized that differ in the length and position of the linker between the clip a…
Seven different aqueous or ethanolic precursors were used to continuously coat monazite (LaPO 4 ) on Nextel 720™ fiber tows. Immiscible liquid displacement was used to minimize bridging of coating between filaments. Precursor viscosities, densities, and concentrations were measured, and solids were characterized by DT…
Tin-doped and undoped amorphous indium oxide films were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering without substrate heating at relatively high total gas pressures and relatively large target-substrate distance. The structural and electrical properties of these films were investigated by X-ray diffraction and Hall-effect mea…
Abstract A template carbonization technique was applied for synthesizing carbon nanotubes and metal filled nanotubes. An anodic aluminum oxide film that has uniform and straight channels with a diameter at nanometer level was used as a one-dimensional template. The pyrolytic carbon deposition on the channel wall was c…
In an attempt to strengthen the surface of materials, the potential of using a cavitating jet to form compressive residual stress has been investigated. Introducing compressive residual stress to a material surface provides improvement of the fatigue strength and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. In general, ca…
SrBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ceramics were prepared via ordinary firing (OF) and hot forging (HF). Characterization using scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffractometry shows platelike grains that were highly oriented ( F = 0.95) after hot forging. Ferroelectric, dielectric, and piezoelectric characterizations revealed tha…
The development of a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method and instrument for use in biomedical and genomics analysis is described. The technology uses DNA gene probes based on SERS labels for gene detection and DNA mapping. The detection method uses nanostructured metallic substrates as SERS-active platform…
Phthalocyanines (Pc) modified at eight positions with benzyloxyethoxy groups (CuPc(OC 2 OBz) 8 and H 2 Pc(OC 2 OBz) 8 ) form discotic mesophases in the bulk and self-assemble into cofacial rodlike aggregates in monolayers. These Pc aggregates form close packed arrays which are simple to process into highly coherent mu…
We have performed magnetic and transport measurements on several series of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ polycrystalline pellets and thin films. The aim is to discriminate the effects of structural and chemical disorder on the electronic transport properties of polycrystalline manganites.…
A series of titanium compounds have been studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy within the Auger parameter formalism. Two different titanium Auger parameters are reported, both calculated from binding energies resulting from photoemission from Ti 2p3/2 core-level states. Of the two values, one has been commonly u…
The structure of a grain boundary in a heat treated Zr-2.5 wt% Nb alloy has been studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The orientation of the two grains, related by a mirror operation about (1210), lay within about 2.5° of a (1011)[1012] twin. The boundary was faceted, with coherent terraces lyi…
The thin films of silicon carbonitride were synthesised by remote plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition at low pressure (10 -2 -10 -1 Torr) and low temperatures (473-773 K). Hexamethyldisilazane (Si 2 NH(CH 3 ) 6 ) was used as a volatile single-source precursor. Helium was used as a dilution gas. The thickness, o…
To evaluate the stability of glasses, a new criterion k f ( T ) = ν exp[− E / RT ·( T p − T f )/ T f ] is proposed, where T f is the inflection point temperature and T p is the maximum peak temperature on the differential thermal analysis curves. Not only the kinetic parameters of the crystallization of glasses, namel…
Changes of optical properties of cerium doped YAG single crystals (0.05, 0.1, 0.2 at.% Ce, and 0.2 at.% Ce "+" 0.1at.% Mg) after thermal annealing at 1400°C in air or 1200°C in N2+H2 mixture and subsequent g or proton irradiation were investigated. For initial Ce3+ contents <0.05 at.% an increase and for Ce3+ contents…
The bending behavior of multiaxial warp knitted (MWK) fabrics is quite different from that of plain weaves and other apparel materials. According to the bending hysteresis curves obtained from KES-FB-2 (Kawabata's evaluation system), MWK fabric bending involves not only the spreading of filaments in inserting yarns, b…
This study was devoted to the instrumented falling weight impact (IFWI) behavior of injection-molded a-and β-phase isotactic polypropylene (iPP) homopolymers. The perforation impact response of iPP with various melt flow indices (MFIs), and thus molecular weight (MW) characteristics, was studied at two different tempe…
We have studied the chemical and compositional modifications induced by 8 keV Ar° irradiation at the surface layers of ZrO2, SiO2, and ZrSiO4 (zircon). The surfaces were examined by in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We have found that while pure SiO2 evolved to SiO1.95 and pure ZrO2 evolved to ZrO1.85, i…