Materials Literature
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Abstract Experimental illitization of smectite was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Experiments were performed on the <2 µm fraction consisting entirely of smectite separated from a soil formed on subvolcanic rock located in the External Zone of the Betic Cordilleras (s…
The effectiveness of electrochemical techniques in characterizing the corrosion resistance of welded super duplex stainless steels has been evaluated. Localized corrosion of the alloy-depleted zone associated with sigma-phase formation is the primary concern, with specific interest in the extent to which various metho…
The Multivariant model describing shape memory alloy (SMA) constitutive behavior is further developed in this paper for improved prediction of thermomechanical response. In the original formulation of the Multivariant model, an interaction energy, representative of the incompatibility of an inclusion to the matrix, wa…
A new method to prepare diblock copolymer brushes on oxide surfaces by anionic polymerization has been developed using a surface bound 1,1-diphenylethylene monolayer. Properties of the brushes were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), AFM, FTIR-ATR, X-ray reflectometry, and contact angle measuremen…
Abstract Catalytic combustion in a structured catalyst was used to test advantages of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes with respect to simpler approaches to simulation of actual data and kinetic studies. Published experimental data on square channels and segmented monoliths were compared and used as a basis fo…
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements with Al Kα radiation of the Ti 2p, Ti 3p, O 1s, and O 2s core levels of a mineral anatase TiO2(001) crystal are presented. The weak Ti 3p and O 2s photopeaks were measured with two resolutions. The valence band is also presented.
Effective use of surfactants for corrosion inhibition requires appropriate information about the application environment as well as the ability of the surfactant to adsorb onto the desired metal surface and reduce the rate of corrosion. The ability of a surfactant molecule to physically adsorb onto a metal substrate i…
Abstract Relatioships between the density of foamed rigid PVC/wood‐flour composites and the moisture content of the wood flour, the chemical foaming agent (CFA) content, the content of all‐acrylic foam modifier, and the extruder die temperature were determined by using a response surface model based on a four‐factor c…
The standard method for preparing carboxylic acid hydrazides is hydrazinolysis of esters in alcoholic solutions. However, when applied to alpha,beta-unsaturated esters, the main product typically is the pyrazolidinone resulting from an undesired Michael-type cyclization. Other alternative methodologies reported for di…
Abstract We investigated the sorption of Ni to gibbsite of two different surface areas at pH 7.5, in the presence and absence of citrate, over a time period of 180 days. Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy was employed to elucidate the sorption mechanisms at the molecular level. In agreement with for…
The discovery of high temperature superconductors (HTS) has triggered renewed interest in the study of dielectric materials at cryogenic temperatures. While considerable work was done in the 1970s and 1980s on dielectrics immersed in liquid helium for low temperature superconducting applications, there remains a need…
The approximate McCumber procedure is often used to predict the emission cross-section spectrum of the 1.5-/spl mu/m transition of Er-doped glass fibers from the transition's measured absorption spectrum. By applying this procedure to a large number of published Er-doped fiber absorption spectra, we demonstrate that i…
Ferriallanite-(Ce), ideally CaCeFe3+AlFe2+(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH), is the analogue of allanite-(Ce) with Fe3+ dominant in the octahedral site M(1). It is of metasomatic origin and occurs in an alkaline granitic pegmatite of Mount Ulyn Khuren in the Altai Range (about 48°32’N, 92°55’E), Mongolian People’s Republic. Ferriall…
Abstract The paper describes in detail how amine‐terminated dendronized polystyrenes 1 (G2), 2 (G3), and 3 (G1) of varying generations (first: G1, second: G2, third: G3) were reacted with the G1 (and G2) dendrons 4 , 5c , and 6b carrying active esters at their focal point to furnish polymers 7 (G4), 8 (G2), 9 (G3), an…
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much attention for their unique properties, although their formation mechanism is not well understood. The authors have been studying a technique to form CNTs by an electron beam that is carried out in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and is compatible with in situ and re…
Ceramic laminates have been fabricated with thin layers, containing a mixture of unstabilized zirconia (MZ‐ZrO 2 ) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), sandwiched between thicker layers of alumina that contain a small fraction of Y 2 O 3 ‐stabilized tetragonal ZrO 2 to inhibit grain growth. The MZ‐ZrO 2 undergoes a tetragonal‐to‐…
Heavily doped barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) powders, one with a donor‐rich and the other with an acceptor‐rich composition, were prepared. After sintering, the donor‐rich specimen exhibited a fine‐grained microstructure but significant grain growth occurred in the acceptor‐rich specimen. A stable dielectric behavior was…
Abstract Enzymatic hydrolysis of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(butylene succinate‐ co ‐ L ‐lactate) (PBSL) has been studied by using a lipase originated from Pseudomonas cepacia . It has been found that the drawn fibers of PBSL are readily hydrolyzed by the action of the lipase, while those of PBS undergo li…
Abstract The direct-methods program SnB provides an efficient means for solving protein substructures containing many heavy-atom sites (current record: 160). In order to meet the high-throughput requirements of structural genomics projects, substructure determination needs to be tightly integrated with other aspects o…
The 1.6-A crystal structure of the covalent ketimine complex of apple 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase with the potent inhibitor l-aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) is described. ACC synthase catalyzes the committed step in the biosynthesis of ethylene, a plant hormone that is responsible for the initiatio…