Materials Literature
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Using the methods of atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, chemical etching of the (010) surface of flux-grown orthorhombic MoO 3 (α-MoO 3 ) single crystals has been investigated in detail. The (010) surface was etched repeatedly in a 0.08 M NaOH aqueous solution, and…
A [2]-rotaxane Zn 2 −Au + made from a dumbbell component ended by Zn(II) porphyrin stoppers and a ring component incorporating a Au(III) porphyrin has been assembled in 13% yield using the transition metal templating route. 1 H NMR studies show that its conformation in solution is very different from those of its comp…
The soliton model for motion of the 90° partial in silicon has provided an explanation for the large reduction in activation energy (1 eV) which occurs under prolonged exposure to an H plasma. Applying the same theoretical model to diamond yields a drop of 1.6 eV and puts dislocation motion into the realm of the possi…
In many industrial processes, pieces of the same polymer material are brought into contact at a temperature above the glass transition. Interdiffusion takes place across the interface and leads to a strengthening of the junction. Often, a cross-linker agent is also added in order to improve the global mechanical prope…
In environmental catalysis the removal or destruction of S-containing molecules is a very important issue nowadays. The interaction of H 2 S and SO 2 with Cr 2 O 3 (0001), MgO(100) and Cr x Mg 1 - x O(100) surfaces ( x = 0.05−0.08) was studied using synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission. X-ray absorption nea…
The measured thermal resistance across a thin film deposited on a substrate often includes the internal thermal resistance within the film and the thermal boundary resistance (TBR) across the film-substrate interface. These two resistances are frequently lumped and reported as an equivalent thermal conductivity of the…
The xanthene dye fluorescein was immobilized, via anion-exchange reactions, in the interlayer region and/or on the surface of a synthetic Zn−Al hydrotalcite, prepared by the thermal hydrolysis of urea. Surface uptake was investigated by equilibrating [Zn 0.67 Al 0.33 (OH) 2 ] [CO 3 ] 0.165 0.4 H 2 O with diluted solut…
An anomalously strong volume magnetostriction in Invars may lead to a situation when at low temperatures the dislocation free energy becomes negative and a multiple generation of dislocations becomes possible. This generation induces a first order phase transition from the FCC crystalline to an amorphous state, and ma…
The pair- and three-proton interaction potentials for metal-phase hydrogen are calculated. Irreducible three-proton interactions are shown to be essential in the development of the metal hydrogen structure. Possible manifestations of the three-ion interactions in the structure of quickly quenched metallic systems are…
The adsorption capacities of carbon dioxide on six commercial hydrotalcite-like compounds and the main factors (aluminum content, anion type, water content, and heat treatment temperature) influencing their adsorption capacity at high temperatures have been investigated using a gravimetric technique. There is an optim…
Partial discharge (PD) measurements taken on-site are frequently affected by noise due to external disturbances. This paper describes a noise reduction method that may be used to isolate the PDs from the noise. The basic principles of wavelet de-noising analysis are presented. The PDs are then processed to allow accur…
Among the three main synthetic fibers (acrylics, polyamide, and polyester), the growth of acrylic fibers has been slow. By the end of the year 2000, the annual worldwide production of acrylics is e...
Vibrational modes in suspensions of soft colloids in a fluid can be detected experimentally by Brillouin light scattering. Besides the usual acoustic mode, being essentially the longitudinal phonon of the liquid matrix, an "opticlike" mode is observed in giant starlike micelles at low volume fractions. We propose that…
Dense, crack-free, uniform, and homogeneous (RE2O3)0.08(ZrO2)0.92 (RE=Sc, Y) nanocrystalline thin films were fabricated by a simple sol-gel method and characterized by impedance studies. At temperatures beyond 600 °C, the electrical conductivity of (Sc2O3)0.08(ZrO2)0.92 and (Y2O3)0.08(ZrO2)0.92 nanocrystals in pure cu…
We calculate the electronic states of the Mn-doped semiconductors and show that resonant states are formed at the top of the down spin valence band due to magnetic impurities and that they give rise to a strong and long-ranged ferromagnetic coupling between Mn moments. We propose that the coupling of the resonant stat…
Carbon nanotubes grown on a Ni substrate and an Fe–Ni–Cr alloy substrate by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. TEM showed that the nanotubes on both substrates have a piled-cone structure with metal particles…
A scaling technique is developed to predict micromagnetic properties of magnetic materials subject to thermal fluctuations over long time scales. This theory, based on the equivalence of time and temperature for thermally activated processes, is tested by predicting hysteresis loops for two different thin film magneti…
The bubbles that usually appear in the bulk of an adhesive film during separation allow for a significant deformation of the adhesive material and are therefore an essential ingredient for a high dissipation. Recent observations have shown that they appear in the early stages of separation. The present model describes…
Epitaxial Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(PZT/LSMO) and LSMO/PZT/LSMO heterostructures have been grown on LaAlO3(001) substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. Three types of ferroelectric capacitors, i.e., Pt/PZT/LSMO (A), LSMO/PZT/LSMO (B), and Pt/PZT/LSMO (C) have been fabricated, where the Pt electrode was sputter…
Three-dimensional (3D) piezoresponse force microscopy is applied in order to differentiate 90° and 180° domain switching in PbTiO3 (PTO) thin films. The 3D domain configuration is recorded both statically, revealing the surface crystallographic orientation of PTO films on the nanometer scale, and dynamically by simult…