Materials Literature
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The pressure‐sensitive equilibrium among anorthite, quartz and the Ca‐tschermak component in clinopyroxene (CaAl 2 SiO 6 ; CaTs), CaAl 2 SiOCpx6+SiOQtz2=CaAl 2 Si 2 OPl8 (SCAn) ,can be used as a geobarometer in granulites with the proper assemblage, and has been calibrated using mineral composition data from partial m…
Mussel byssal threads contain unusual block copolymer-like proteins that combine collagen with flanking domains that resemble silk-fibroin (preCol-D) or elastin (preCol-P). These are distributed in complementary gradients along the length of the threads and as precursors in the mussel foot. We discuss a 76-kDa precurs…
We report on a laboratory study of the atmospheric corrosion of NaCl‐treated zinc in air containing different concentrations of carbon dioxide (<l, 100, 350, 1000, and 40,000 ppm). Each sample was exposed individually to synthetic atmospheres with careful control of CO 2 concentration and flow conditions. The relative…
The monotonic tension, creep, and fatigue behavior of an enhanced SiC/SiC composite was investigated at a temperature of 1300°C in air and argon. The improved creep and fatigue resistances were determined and compared to those of the standard SiC/SiC composite. The effects of additives (glass‐forming, boron‐based part…
The theoretical mechanical response of 12 cubic metals (Al, Cu, Mo, Na, Li, K, Rb, Nb, Fe, Ni, Au, and Ag) to unconstrained uniaxial loadings, coaxial with each of the three principal symmetry directions, is analyzed, at finite strain, in the framework of the embedded-atom method model calculations. The models have be…
Partial discharge tests can determine which motor and generator stator windings are experiencing insulation problems. A deteriorated winding has a PD activity which can be 30 times or more higher than a winding in good condition. This great difference in PD activity enables even nonspecialized maintenance personnel to…
The interfacial properties of SiC/SiC composites with interphases that consist of (C‐SiC) sequences deposited on the fibers have been determined by single‐fiber push‐out tests. The matrix has been reinforced with either as‐received or treated Nicalon fibers. The measured interfacial properties are correlated with the…
The chief principles and properties of optical reflection and transmission guided-mode resonance (GMR) filters are presented. These devices are based on GMR effects in dielectric structures comprising gratings and homogeneous thin films. Detailed characteristics are calculated using rigorous coupled-wave analysis for…
The behavior of piezoelectric, dielectric, and elastic characteristics of soft piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics was investigated under sinusoidal electric field E applied along the poling direction and under mechanical stress-free conditions for a frequency range 10 Hz–10 kHz. Electrical displaceme…
Polypyrrole-based solid-state redox supercapacitors have been constructed using proton and lithium ion conducting polymer electrolytes: poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)–H3PO4, and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)–LiCF3SO3 plasticized with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The capacitors have been characterized using a.c. impedance, cyc…
Resistivity measurements have been performed on single-crystalline ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ thin films with control of \ensuremath{\delta} in order to study the influence of the ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{3+}$ content on the polaronic conduction…
We consider a system of spherical particles interacting by means of a pair potential equal to a finite constant for interparticle distances smaller than the sphere diameter and zero outside. The model may be a prototype for the interaction between micelles in a solvent [C. Marquest and T. A. Witten, J. Phys. (France)…
Alkali metal ion extraction was carried out using photochromic dithienylethene having two benzo-12-crown-4 ethers ( 1 ), benzo-15-crown-5 ethers ( 2 ), or benzo-18-crown-6 ethers moieties ( 3 ) and bis(benzothienyl)ethene having two benzo-18-crown-6 ether moieties ( 4 ). Two crown ether moieties of the open-ring form…
Corrosion inhibition of a mild steel in acid solutions by alkylamines (ALK-AM) and aniline hydrochloric (ANL-HCl) salts was investigated in the presence of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and sodium chloride (NaCl) using a potentiostat, a contact-angle goniometer, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a Fourier transform infr…
A new way to synthesize trans-disubstituted cyclam tetraazamacrocycles 1 is reported. The synthesis proceeds in three steps via the tricyclic 1,4,8,11-tetraazatricyclo[9.3.1.14,8]hexadecane system 2, which can be selectively dialkylated and hydrolyzed under basic conditions to give the final product 1. An understandin…
The efficiency of various imidazole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for copper in hydrochloric and sulfuric acids (HCl and H2SO4) was investigated. Electrochemical measurements showed the organic compounds investigated have fairly good inhibiting properties, except for 4-methyl-5-imidazolecarbaldehyde in HCl. Prot…
The effective anisotropy of hard-soft magnetic nanostructures is analyzed using the concept of the exchange correlation length of both phases. The dependence of coercivity on volume fraction, fluctuation length, temperature, and magnetic properties of the components is derived from the degree of magnetic coupling, def…
Rapid percolation enhances dissolved organic matter (DOM) transport in soils. One reason for this is nonequilibrium conditions, which make the time-dependence of the sorption/desorption an important parameter. We investigated the time-dependent DOM release and sorption of four soils (one topsoil, three subsoils) with…
Photon scattering angular distributions from various animal tissues were measured at two energies of a monochromatic synchrotron x-ray beam. Two plastics and human breast tissue were also measured. From these two measurements, the molecular coherent scattering form factor of each material was extracted. A new data ana…
The plasma chemistry of an argon/hydrogen expanding thermal arc plasma in interaction with silane injected downstream is analyzed using mass spectrometry. The dissociation mechanism and the consumption of silane are related to the ion and atomic hydrogen fluence emanating from the arc source. It is argued that as a fu…