Materials Literature
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A new route to the synthesis of colloidal Au nanoparticles with diameters between 30 and 100 nm is described. On the basis of surface-catalyzed reduction of Au 3+ by NH 2 OH, the approach grows existing nanoparticles into larger particles of a size determined solely by the initial particle diameter and the amount of A…
We report on the radical-chain polymerization of styrene using self-assembled monolayers of azo initiators covalently bound to high surface area silica gels. In this process monolayers of poly(styrene) molecules terminally attached to the surface of the inorganic substrate are obtained. As the initiator molecules are…
A new bismuth oxide sulfate of stoichiometry Bi 14 O 20 (SO 4 ) has been synthesized from thermal treatment of an intimate mixture of α-Bi 2 O 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 in the mole ratio 1:0.14, and its structure determined using a combination of electron diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction, and neutron powder diffractio…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Nomenclature of Polyoxometalates: How To Connect a Name and a Structure†Yves P. JeanninView Author Information Laboratoire de Chimie des Métaux de Transition, URA-CNRS 419, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France Cite this: Chem.…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPresent General Status of Understanding of Heteropoly Electrolytes and a Tracing of Some Major Highlights in the History of Their ElucidationLouis C. W. Baker and Diana C. GlickView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057 Cit…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyoxometalates: Very Large ClustersNanoscale MagnetsAchim Müller, Frank Peters, Michael T. Pope, and Dante GatteschiView Author Information Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University,…
An analysis of the effects of relative phase changes on the interference pattern formed by the coherent addition of four plane waves is presented. We focus on the configuration in which four plane waves converge at equal angles along two orthogonal planes, an arrangement that is potentially useful for printing arrays…
The evolution of the crystal-melt interface was investigated during directional solidification of a dilute binary alloy, starting at the marginal stability time t(i) at which the planar interface first becomes unstable. The time delay between t(i) and the crossover time t(0) at which the interface modulation becomes o…
The evolution of a dendritic pattern from a planar solid-liquid interface during directional solidification of a binary alloy was investigated experimentally. The model alloy used was the transparent organic crystal succinonitrile doped with the laser dye coumarin 152. The buildup of solute ahead of the initially stab…
The advent of thermostable enzymes has led to great advances in molecular biology, such as the development of PCR and ligase chain reaction. However, isolation of naturally thermostable enzymes has been restricted to those existing in thermophylic bacteria. Here, we show that the disaccharide trehalose enables enzymes…
Free standing InP quantum dots have previously been theoretically and experimentally shown to have a direct band gap across a large range of experimentally accessible sizes. We demonstrate that when these dots are embedded coherently within a GaP barrier material, the effects of quantum confinement in conjunction with…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesigning Dendrimers Based on Transition-Metal Complexes. Light-Harvesting Properties and Predetermined Redox PatternsVincenzo Balzani, Sebastiano Campagna, Gianfranco Denti, Alberto Juris, Scolastica Serroni, and Margherita VenturiView Author Information Dipartimento di Chi…
The variation of the relative permittivity of charged dielectrics with trapped charge density has been investigated by a time-resolved current method, in conjunction with a mirror image method employing a scanning electron microscope. The calculation is made by a mathematical expression derived from classical electrom…
Crystalline, molecularly thick organic films mimicking layer motifs observed in bulk crystals of conducting (ET) 2 X charge-transfer salts (ET = bis(ethylenedithiolo)tetrathiafulvalene, X = I 3, ReO 4 ) form on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) electrodes upon electrochemical oxidation of ET in electrolytes co…
Magnetization measurements along the main symmetry directions of the tetragonal structure, [100], [110] and [001], have been performed on several single crystals (R = Y, Tb and Ho), at applied high magnetic fields up to 12 Tesla and temperatures ranging from 4.2 to 300 K. From the measurements on the yttrium compound…
Thin films composed of a layered titanate were prepared by a so-called soft-chemical method that took advantage of exfoliation of the layered material Cs x Ti (2 - x /4) □ x /4 O 4 . The exfoliated titanate sheets were easily oriented on a substrate by means of spin-coating. The prepared thin films had a layered struc…
High-temperature polymeric foams were prepared using compositionally asymmetric microphase-separated block copolymers where the major component is thermally stable and the minor component is thermally labile. Upon thermal treatment, the dispersed phase undergoes thermolysis leaving pores the size and shape of which ar…
The dynamic structure factor of the glass formers glycerol, o-terphenyl, and n-butyl-benzene has been studied by inelastic x-ray scattering across the liquid-glass transition. Data taken at selected temperatures in the $1--8{\mathrm{nm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ momentum transfer ( $Q$) range show a propagating soundlike mo…
Levan, which adopts a compact spherical conformation in aqueous solution, can form a liquid crystalline phase if DNA is also present. We propose that supramolecular rodlike structures, assembled by the noncovalent aggregation of levan around DNA, stabilize the lyotropic phase. We describe a geometric model for the agg…
The synthesis, structure, and electronic properties of a series of new quaternary layered sulfides, NaCuMS 2 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) are reported. The synthesis was accomplished by sulfurization of a mixture of oxide or sulfide and carbonate precursors of the corresponding metals by nitrogen gas charged with CS 2 . All o…