Materials Literature
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The ferroelectric phase transitions of [1¯01]-, [001]-, and [111]-oriented Pb[Zn1∕3Nb2∕3]O3–4.5%PbTiO3 (PZN–4.5%PT) single crystals were investigated as a function of temperature (T between 300 and 450K), and electric field (E field between 0 and 300kV∕m) by dielectric and x-ray diffraction combined measurements. Unde…
The two-dimensional scattering of a Gaussian beam by a periodic array of circular cylinders is studied. The incident Gaussian beam is expressed as a superposition of plane waves of different amplitudes and different incident angles, using the plane-wave spectrum technique based on Fourier optics. For each plane wave,…
This article describes an experimental setup for combined measurements of domain switching dynamics and switching currents in micrometer scale ferroelectric capacitors. The setup is based on a commercial atomic force microscope (AFM) that is equipped with a piezoresponse mode for domain imaging and with a wide bandwid…
The electronic and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic doped manganites are investigated by means of model tight-binding and self-interaction corrected local spin density (SIC-LSD) approximation calculations. It is found that the surface alone by breaking the cubic symmetry induces a difference in the occupation of t…
Single crystalline /spl beta/-Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ nanowire and nanoribbon materials were synthesized, and electrical and mechanical properties were studied for sensing applications. The structural analysis showed that the Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ nanomaterials were stoichiometric and had the same crystal lattice structure as t…
Abstract Poly(butylene succinate)‐based prepolymers containing itaconic acid units or maleic acid units in the main chain were synthesized through the condensation reaction of 1,4‐butanediol, succinic acid, and itaconic acid or maleic acid. The resulting prepolymers, with weight‐average molecular weights in the severa…
Abstract Blend films of poly (4‐vinylpyridine) and lignin were prepared by the casting method. Their structure and properties were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and differential scanning calorimetr…
BACKGROUND: Nowadays, shape memory alloys (SMAs) and in particular Ni-Ti alloys are commonly used in bioengineering applications as they join important qualities as resistance to corrosion, biocompatibility, fatigue resistance, MR compatibility, kink resistance with two unique thermo-mechanical behaviors: the shape me…
We investigate the thermal hysteresis of spin-crossover compounds by using the first-order reversal curve (FORC) method. By magnetic measurements we have recorded the FORC data for the pure Fe- and Zn-diluted spin transition system $[{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{(\mathrm{btr})}_{2}{(\mathrm{NCS})}…
Magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity due to the spin-state transition in $\mathrm{La}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ were calculated by a molecular-field model in which the energy-level diagram of high-spin state reported by Ropka and Radwanski [Phys. Rev. B 67, 172401 (2003)] is assumed for the excited state, and t…
We study the electromagnetic beam reflection from layered structures that include the so-called double-negative metamaterials, also called left-handed metamaterials. We predict that such structures can demonstrate a giant lateral Goos-Hänchen shift of the scattered beam accompanied by a splitting of the reflected and…
Abstract The growth behaviour of carbon layers formed on a Pt(111) surface has been investigated by means of scanning tunnelling microscopy. A carbon layer with a ( $\sqrt{19}$ × $\sqrt{19}$ )R23.4° structure was grown by benzene exposure of 3 L at 1000 K. After exposure of >10 L, graphene islands with hexagonal sh…
Cluster distribution kinetics is adopted to explore the kinetics of polymer crystallization. Population balance equations based on crystal size distribution and concentration of amorphous polymer segments are solved numerically and the related dynamic moment equations are also solved. The model accounts for heterogene…
Abstract A TiO 2 nanotube catalyst was synthesized and observed by analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy‐loss spectroscopy (EELS). It was revealed that the crystalline structure of the TiO 2 nanotube is different from that o…
Pyrazolate-based dinucleating ligands with thioether-containing chelate arms have been used for the synthesis of a family of novel tetranuclear nickel(II) complexes [L2Ni4(N3)3(O2CR)](ClO4)2 that incorporate three azido bridges and one carboxylate (R = Me, Ph). Molecular structures have been elucidated by X-ray crysta…
We report on a method to locally remove material from carbon and boron nitride nanotubes using the low-energy focused electron beam of a scanning electron microscope. Using this method, clean precise cuts can be made into nanotubes, either part-way through (creating hingelike geometries) or fully through (creating siz…
Single crystals of NaxCoO2 with beta-phase (x=0.55, 0.60 and 0.65), alpha'-phase (x=0.75) and alpha-phase (x=0.9, 1.0) have been grown by the floating zone technique. The Na-extraction and hydration were carried out for the alpha'-sample to get superconducting phase of NaxCoO2.yH2O (x~0.3, y~1.3). Hydrated single crys…
Abstract The addition of zinc oxide (ZnO) as an activator for the sulfur vulcanization of rubbers enhances the vulcanization efficiency and vulcanizate properties and reduces the vulcanization time. The first part of this article deals with the reduction and optimization of the amount of ZnO. Two different rubbers, so…
The thin film synthesis and characterization of room temperature ferromagnetic semiconductor (In1−xFex)2O3−σ are reported. The high thermodynamic solubility, up to 20%, of Fe ions in the In2O3 is demonstrated by a combinatorial phase mapping study where the lattice constant decreases almost linearly as Fe doping conce…
We report the effect of air exposure on the electronic properties of pentacene single crystals. Air can diffuse reversibly in and out of the crystals and controls the physical properties. We discern two competing mechanisms that modulate the electronic transport. The presence of oxygen increases the hole conduction, a…