Materials Literature
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The III-V compound GaAs was studied using energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction with a synchro- tron source up to a pressure of 108 GPa. When the pressure was increased to 16.6 GPa, the GaAs sample transformed from the zinc-blende structure to an orthorhombic structure [GaAs(II)], space group Pmm2, consisting of a primi…
Abstract Composites of polypropylene (PP) or maleic‐anhydride‐modified polypropylene (MPP) with refiner ground pulp (RGP) were prepared under various kneading conditions (mixing temperature, rate of rotation, and mixing time) and evaluated for their tensile strength (σ max ), break elongation (ϵ max ), and Young's mod…
Abstract Wood fibers of aspen in the form of chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) and Tembec 6816 have been used as reinforcing fillers in different varieties of polystyrene. The tensile strength, elongation, and energy at maximum point, as well as tensile modulus at 0.1% strain is reported. Also revealed is the optimum…
Various uv and vacuum-uv optical-absorption bands found in as-manufactured high-purity ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ glass were studied. Two types of absorption bands were found near 5.0 eV, one of which is attributed to the oxygen vacancy (?Si-Si?). The absorption band at 7.6 eV is also found to be caused by the same oxygen v…
The results of a pseudopotential local-orbital calculation on the recently synthesized hybrid of graphite and hexagonal BN, ${\mathrm{BC}}_{2}$N, are presented. Three possible atomic arrangements in the ${\mathrm{BC}}_{2}$N monolayer, representing a variety of nearest-neighbor environments, are studied. For the monola…
The composition dependence of the structural and electronic properties in chalcogenide glasses suggests that there exists a structural phase transition at the average coordination number of 2.67. Materials having smaller coordination numbers are characterized by molecular structures, and otherwise three-dimensional ne…
This book provides a listing of commercially available composite materials from numerous companies.
The dependence of the electrical and optical properties of reactively evaporated indium tin oxide films on substrate temperature and tin concentration has been studied. Films of resistivity as low as 3*10 -4 Omega cm and high visible transparency of about 91% have been obtained at higher deposition temperatures ( appr…
A method has been proposed for exact calculation of the optical parameters n and k of a thin film on a transparent substrate by simultaneously solving the equations for two of the envelopes of the transmission and reflection spectra. The singularity of the solution and the convergency area are proved, and the influenc…
Abstract The compatibility behavior of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) at two different degrees of epoxidation with hydroxyl‐containing polymeric resins was investigated. These included Novolac and Resole resins, the cured epoxy of bisphenol A (CER), and phenoxy. For each system, compositions covering the complete ran…
Abstract In this study, immiscible blends of HDPE and an amorphous glassy polymer were compatibilized with styrene‐hydrogenated butadiene block copolymers. The glassy phase consisted of either pure PS or a miscible blend of PS and polyether copolymer (PEC); PEC is similar to poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (PPO…
The concept of the Institutes for Advanced Optical Technologies developed out of SPIE's desire to foster increased interaction and collaboration among researchers working in emerging optical technologies. The Institutes provide a forum for experts in these areas to analyze and document the state of the art and to poin…
Abstract The kinetics of diffusion of water from different activity vapors and liquid phase have been investigated in glassy amorphous poly(aryl ether ether ketcne) (PEEK) films at the temperature of 60°C and in glassy semicrystalline PEEK sheets at different temperatures, respectively. In the case of the amorphous PE…
Abstract Crosslinking of polypropylene–polyethylene (PP‐PE) blends involving 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% of PP with dicumylperoxide (DCP) or tert‐butyl perbenzoate (TBPB) and in the presence of coagent pentaerythritol tetrallyl ether (PETA) was investigated at 180°C. It was found that at lower concentratio…
delta 5-3-Ketosteroid isomerase (EC 5.3.3.1) of Pseudomonas testosteroni promotes the highly efficient isomerization of delta 5-3-ketosteroids to delta 4-3-ketosteroids by means of a direct and stereospecific transfer of the 4 beta-proton to the 6 beta-position, via an enolic intermediate. An acidic residue responsibl…
A biologically inert photolabile precursor of carbamoylcholine has been synthesized; it is photolyzed to carbamoylcholine, a well-characterized acetylcholine analogue, with a half-time of 40 microseconds at pH 7.0 and a quantum yield of 0.8. The compound, N-(alpha-carboxy-2-nitrobenzyl)carbamoylcholine, was synthesize…
A LEED structure analysis is performed for the W(100) c(2*2) surface reconstruction. Models with pure vertical displacements of the surface atoms can be clearly ruled out while others with predominant lateral displacements in the (11) and (01) directions result in a very good agreement with the experimental curves. Ho…
The Raman and infrared absorption spectra, optical gaps, and electron spin densities of amorphous carbon films deposited from hydrocarbon plasmas have been systematically studied as a function of deposition conditions and Raman probe wavelength. Although all other probes are consistent with a monotonic increase in int…
Abstract A dynamic crack tip shielding model has been developed to describe the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of precracked crystals in constant strain-rate tests. Dislocations are emitted from a discrete number of sources at or near the crack tip. At the BDT the dislocations are emitted and move sufficiently rapid…
Abstract N , N ′‐bis(3,3′‐itaconimidophenyl) sulfone has been synthesized by reacting itaconic anhydride with 3,3′‐diamino diphenyl sulfone. The bisitaconimides and the intermediates were characterized by chemical analysis, IR, NMR, TG, and GPC. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the prepolymers of the bisitaconimid…