Materials Literature
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Transparent self-standing films of titanium-containing (Ti/Si ratio of 1/50) silica−surfactant mesostructured materials, having a thickness of ca. 50 μm and a lateral size of a few centimeters, were synthesized by the solvent evaporation method from tetramethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, titanium tetraisopropoxide…
The continuous advancement of microelectronics in all fields of technology has become a basic fact of our daily life. Increasingly complex tasks are performed by computers, requiring more memory capacity and faster processing speeds. This constant need to develop more highly integrated microchips is expressed by Moore…
Piezoelectric properties of grain-oriented bismuth layer structured compound CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ceramics and their temperature dependencies were studied. The grain-oriented CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ceramics were fabricated by the templated grain growth method. The highly preferentially (00 l ) oriented CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ceramics…
Abstract Membrane reactors enable synthesis‐gas production from methane and air while avoiding the need for separation of the nitrogen either before or after the reaction. A stable membrane was developed by spray deposition of a dense thin film of La 0.5 Sr 0.5 Fe 0.8 Ga 0.2 O 3 − δ on a high‐purity porous α‐alumina t…
A novel photo-crosslinkable polymer liquid crystal (PCP-LC), in which a high molecular orientation has been achieved by irradiation with UV light and thermal treatment, is presented. Two types of optical birefringent film have been obtained whereby the orientational order is controlled by the irradiation angle and pol…
Composite capsules containing low molecular weight species together with charged macromolecules have been prepared both in aqueous and organic solutions. Dyes were used as building blocks to quantify the adsorption. The Figure shows a tapping mode scanning force microscopy image of capsules consisting of poly(styrene…
Dielectric properties of carbon-incorporated silicon oxide (SiOC) films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), using a bis-trimethylsilylmethane precursor, were compared with the dielectric properties of silicon oxide thermally grown in a furnace (thermal oxide) and also with oxide deposited b…
Oxygen vacancy behaviors in Ni-doped barium strontium titanate (BST) ceramics have been observed through thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurements up to 200°C. The set of observations confirmed that the vacancies drift due to a high electric field at an elevated temperature to pile up under the cathode electrode…
The surfaces of bimetallic Cu–Co/SiO2 catalyst with 1 Cu:2 Co atomic ratio has been studied focusing on the determination of bimetallic phase thickness and its distribution using a mathematical formalism from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) intensities. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated a Cu–Co alloy formati…
In this study Y2O3 thin films were etched with an inductively coupled plasma. The etch rate of Y2O3 and the selectivity of Y2O3 to YMnO3 were investigated by varying the Cl2/(Cl2+Ar) gas mixing ratio. The maximum etch rate of Y2O3 and the selectivity of Y2O3 to YMnO3 were 302 Å/min and 2.4, respectively, at a Cl2/(Cl2…
Transparent and highly oriented (Sr, Ba)(Nb, Ta) 2 O 6 (SBNT) thin films have been synthesized by a chemical solution deposition method. A homogeneous and stable SBNT precursor solution was prepared by controlling the reaction of metal alkoxides in solution and by optimizing the additive as a stabilizing agent. Tantal…
This work describes the comparison of experimental measurements of electron beam spread in the environmental scanning electron microscope with model predictions. Beam spreading is the result of primary electrons being scattered out of the focused beam by interaction with gas molecules in the low-vacuum specimen chambe…
Abstract Centrifuge extraction and Rotavapor recovery were used to determine the effect of solvent type (trichloroethylene and four n-propyl bromide products) on recovered asphalt binder properties. Mix variables included three binders mixed with each of two aggregate sources (one gradation). When recovered binder pro…
Cr 2 N, CrN, and their mixtures (with desired fractions) have been prepared via self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis (SHS) under a controlled nitrogen pressure, followed by hot isostatic pressing at 1300°C and 196 MPa under an atmosphere of argon gas. The combustion temperature increased as the nitrogen pressur…
This paper describes the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation durability screening testing of thin (12.7–25.4 μm) polyimide films proposed for use on the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) sunshield. Materials included in this screening test were Kapton®E, Kapton®HN, Upilex®S, CP1, CP1 with vapour deposited aluminiu…
Calculations for a set of nuclear multifragmentation data are made using a canonical and a grand canonical model. The physics assumptions are identical but the canonical model has an exact number of particles, whereas the grand canonical model has a varying number of particles, hence, is less exact. Interesting differ…
An analytic link between the oxygen partial pressure and the concentrations of the point defects for given temperatures and A/B conditions is presented for perovskites. A clear distinction between three different conditions is made. These are the sintering conditions, an intermediate metastable state, and a low‐temper…
Two series of related poly(oxadiazole-amide)s have been synthesized by solution polycondensation reaction of aromatic diamines containing preformed 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings with diacid chlorides having silicon or hexafluoroisopropylidene groups. All these polymers were soluble in polar amidic solvents, such as N-methylp…
Abstract Red phosphorus contained in non‐irradiated polyamide‐6 at concentrations up to 12.5 does not significantly improve the fire resistance of the polymer. It weakens the thermal stability of the polymer as reflected by a decrease in the onset temperature for mass loss from 407°C to 363°C, but causes char formatio…
The selection of fouling resistances to design plate-and-frame heat exchangers is usually based on experience or guesswork. The primary aim of this study was to compare fouling resistances for plate heat exchangers with values obtained in a parallel double-pipe heat exchanger under comparable operating conditions. The…