Materials Literature
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Photochemical reduction of silver(I) to silver nanoparticles was achieved, for the first time, in aqueous Triton X-100 medium using ascorbic acid. The particles show the usual plasmon absorption band of silver at 410 nm and a new band at 650 nm. Transmission electron microscope studies show that the size of the indivi…
Abstract Textural, mineralogical and chemical parameters of clays belonging to the Upper Cretaceous ‘Argilas de Aveiro’ formation were determined and correlated, using geostatistical analysis, with some relevant geotechnical parameters. The data obtained made it possible to subdivide the region under study into distin…
We investigated the role of receptor binding affinity in surface adhesion. A sensitive technique was developed to measure the surface energy of receptor-mediated adhesion. The experimental system involved a functionalized elastic agarose bead resting on a functionalized glass coverslip. Attractive intersurface forces…
Thermal shock behavior of a variety of open‐cell ceramic foams was evaluated using infrared heating and forced air cooling. The extent of damage after thermal shock was determined by a nondestructive, dynamic resonance technique. The damage in foams was found to be strongly dependent on cell size and weakly dependent…
Dense nanograined SiC ceramics were obtained by using hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The starting powder was ultrafine β‐SiC powder, which had a mean particle size of 30 nm and contained 3.5 wt% free carbon. SiC powders‐both boron‐doped and undoped‐were densified via HIP under an ultrahigh pressure of 980 MPa at a temp…
Gelcasting is a promising new technology for manufactur‐ing advanced structural ceramic components. The process involves drying of the “green” gelcast part before densifi‐cation. The physical mechanisms that control this relatively long drying process are not well understood. In this study, several controlled experime…
The ac complex conductivity σ*(f) of polyaniline (PAN) films at different doping levels and different temperatures, in the 1–100 KHz frequency range, are reported. The results are typical of a disordered medium where the real component of ac conductivity is frequency independent at low frequencies, rising for higher v…
Summary Data from two Podzol O and E horizons, sampled in 1‐cm layers at 13 points within 2 m × 2 m plots, were used to test the hypothesis that the composition of hydrogen ions (H) and aluminium (Al) adsorbed to the solid‐phase soil organic matter (SOM) determines pH and Al solubility in organic‐rich acidic forest so…
4-Methyltriphenylamine was oxidatively polymerized in chloroform (CL) or propylene carbonate (PC) in the presence of ferric chloride (FeCl3) at 50°C. Polymerization proceeded more rapidly and the molecular weight of the resulting polymer was higher in CL than in PC due to the higher oxidation potential of the solution…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Thin thermal barrier ceramic coatings were applied to a standard production direct injection diesel engine. The resultant fuel economy when compared to the standard metallic engine at full load and speed (2600) was 6% better and 3.5% better at 1600 RPM. Most coated diesel engines…
EPR and ENDOR spectroscopy have been used to investigate a variety of trapped electron centers on the surface of polycrystalline MgO. The oxide was dehydrated under vacuum at different temperatures (673−1123 K) and UV irradiated under H 2 . The dehydration process results in the formation of surface anion vacancies, w…
The threshold field, Et, values for various barium titanate and PZT-based ceramics have been determined by examination of the εr |-E 0 and εr ∥-E 0 relationships. The results obtained for both ‘soft’ and ’hard’ PZT ceramics gave a good fit to the Rayleigh Law over a wide range of field amplitude for E 0 E t. The linea…
Highly active D-proline reductase was obtained from Clostridium sticklandii by a modified purification scheme. The cytoplasmic enzyme had a molecular mass of about 870 kDa and was composed of three subunits with molecular masses of 23, 26, and 45 kDa. The 23-kDa subunit contained a carbonyl group at its N terminus, wh…
Anodization and the effect of subsequently applying cathodic potential to a thin‐film Ti electrode in an aqueous NaCl solution have been studied with in situ neutron reflectometry. This new technique provides further insight into the processes underlying anodic oxide formation and hydrogen absorption under cathodic po…
Binding of calcium to calmodulin (CaM) causes a conformational change in this ubiquitous calcium regulatory protein that allows the activation of many target proteins. Met residues make up a large portion of its hydrophobic target binding surfaces. In this work, we have studied the surface exposure of the Met residues…
Two series of calamitic liquid crystals containing a benzothiazole ring within the central core and two different linkage groups (amide and azo) have been prepared and their liquid crystalline properties studied and compared with those of the analogous series of imines. The influence of the linkage group within the ce…
The refolding of thermally denatured model collagen-like peptides was studied for a set of 21 guest triplets embedded in a common host framework: acetyl-(Gly-Pro-Hyp)3-Gly-Xaa-Yaa-(Gly-Pro-Hyp)4-Gly-Gly-amide. The results show a strong dependence of the folding rate on the identity of the guest Gly-Xaa-Yaa triplet, wi…
This paper extends the work of the first four parts of this series to apply the image analysis methods we have developed to characterize the fiber orientation of real non woven fabrics. The "real" fabrics chosen as typical are a carded crimped fiber web, two relatively dense overall or area bonded fabrics, a pattern o…
Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the surface composition and morphology of Chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) fibers from spruce. The fibers were exposed to a sequence of mild treatments such as washing, peroxide bleaching and extraction. The effects of treatments on fiber bulk composition and surface p…
Abstract This article reviews that clay literature from the last ten years, which is devoted to the applications of clay minerals in the interpretation of geological processes in sedimentary basins. The results, selected by the author as being of particular interest, are presented, arranged according to the successive…