Materials Literature
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Despite widespread use of silk, it remains a significant challenge to fabricate fibers with properties similar to native silk. It has recently been recognized that the key to tuning silk fiber properties lies in controlling internal structure of assembled β-sheets. We report an advance in the precise control of silk f…
Relaxor ferroelectrics were discovered in the 1950s but many of their properties are not understood. In this review, we shall concentrate on materials such as PMN (PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3), which crystallize in the cubic perovskite structure but with the Mg ion, charge 2+, and the Nb ion, charge 5+, randomly distributed over t…
The results of photoluminescence (PL) measurements performed on high quality single crystal ZnO implanted with radioactive $^{73}\mathrm{Ga}$ and $^{73}\mathrm{As}$, both of which decay to stable $^{73}\mathrm{Ge}$, are presented. Identical effects are observed in the two cases, with a sharp line at 3.3225(5) eV found…
A laboratory hard X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HXPS) system at 5.4‐keV excitation energy was used to measure the angle dependence of a silicon oxide overlayer on a Si(0 0 1) substrate with overlayer thickness ranging from 4 to 25 nm. The thickness values of the SiO 2 overlayers were determined by utilizing a focu…
Polycrystalline PrxNd1−xFe1.9 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) magnetostrictive alloys were synthesized by high-pressure annealing. The crystal structure, Curie temperature, easy magnetic direction, and magnetostriction of the alloys were investigated. Due to the effects of high pressure, PrxNd1−xFe1.9 alloys are stabilized in a C15 cubic…
We have synthesized a series of hexagonal HoMnO3 nanoparticles with different particle sizes (30 – 200 nm) by a modified Pechini method to study systematically the effect of particle size on their structural and magnetic properties. The magnetic characterization indicates that with increasing the particle size, the an…
Abstract First‐principles calculations are preformed to investigate the structural, elastic, and electronic properties of Re 2 N and Re 3 N. Based on the calculated bulk modulus and shear modulus of polycrystalline aggregates, Re 2 N and Re 3 N can be regarded as potential candidates of ultraincompressible and hard ma…
Magnesium phosphate-based cements are rapid setting materials. Retarders are often used to prolong the setting time of magnesium phosphate-based cements. Magnesium phosphosilicate cement (MPSC) is a new type of magnesium phosphate-based cement, which is composed of magnesia, phosphate and silicate materials, such as f…
To elucidate induced smectic A and smectic B phases in binary nematic liquid crystal mixtures, a generalized thermodynamic model has been developed in the framework of a combined Flory-Huggins free energy for isotropic mixing, Maier-Saupe free energy for orientational ordering, McMillan free energy for smectic orderin…
Abstract AlN/Al composites are a potentially new kind of thermal management material for electronic packaging and heat sink applications. The spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique was used for the first time to prepare the AlN/Al composites, and attention was focused on the effects of sintering parameters on the rela…
Abstract A general review of recent research progress in fabricating transparent conductive ZnO thin films by means of intentional doping and codoping with In, Ga, Al, Mg, Li, F, H, N, and P, divided into metals and nonmetals, is presented in this article. The main emphasis is placed on introducing and discussing the…
Epitaxial LaCoO3 films were synthesized on LaAlO3 substrates to explore the role of epitaxial strain and structure on the ferromagnetism observed in these biaxially compressed films. Coherent strain and tetragonal structure were only achieved in thin film samples grown using higher energy densities. The strain relaxed…
Contrary to high frequency (MHz-GHz) elastic data, at low frequencies (0.1--50 Hz) huge elastic softening (superelasticity) is usually found in the low symmetry improper ferroelastic phases (i.e., tetragonal or rhombohedral) of perovskite structured materials including SrTiO${}_{3}$, KMn${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$Ca${}_{x…
The local electronic structure of the SrO-terminated SrTiO${}_{3}$(001) surface was explored using scanning tunneling microscopy. At low bias voltages in the empty states, a unidirectional structure with a periodicity of three unit cells, superimposed on a $c(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ reconstructed struct…
A novel magnesium phosphate cement made from magnesia and potassium phosphate was studied. The objective of the study was to examine the basic characteristics and cementing mechanism of the cement. The effect of magnesia content on setting time, temperature rise during initial reaction and strength development of the…
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of crosslinked hydrophilic polymers widely used for protein delivery and tissue engineering. To be eligible for in vivo applications, the hydrogels should not evoke an adverse tissue response. In this study the angiogenic and inflammatory responses in vivo after implantation of…
The isolated pyridine-Ag(+)-pyridine unit (Py-Ag(+)-Py) is employed as a model system to characterize the recently observed Ag(+)-mediated base pairing in DNA oligonucleotides at the molecular level. The structure and infrared (IR) spectrum of the Ag(+)-Py(2) cationic complex are investigated in the gas phase by IR mu…
Wechselnde Spinzustände : Wenn für das Metallzentrum in einem Übergangsmetallkomplex mehrere Spinzustände möglich sind, kann das die Reaktivität des Komplexes beeinflussen. In solchen Fällen ist bei der Interpretation von experimentellen und theoretischen Befunden Vorsicht angebracht.
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition method using Fe/Co catalyst over CaCO 3 support and acetylene gas as a carbon precursor in the temperature range of 650–800°C, and were modified with Preyssler anion nanostructures via impregnation method. The existence of na…
Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were deposited on sapphire (0001) substrates at room temperature by radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering at oxygen gas contents of 0%, 25%, 50% and 75%, respectively. The influence of oxygen gas content on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films was studied by a…