Materials Literature
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Several formulations of the differential theory for anisotropic gratings are investigated numerically. Conventional formulations and recent formulations based on Li's Fourier factorization rules are applied to a sinusoidal-profiled grating made of an anisotropic and conducting material. For both types of formulation,…
Diagenetic illite (mixed layer illite-smectite, I-S) from Ordovician and Devonian potassium bentonite (K-bentonite) and shales was studied in the proximal southern Appalachian Basin (Alabama through Virginia) to understand in more detail the timing of illite formation as well as attempt to describe the chemistry of th…
Abstract Styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates with graded network chain densities were prepared by a conventional method of rubber science and technology. The characteristics of the gradient and gradient direction of the network chain density were examined from the perspective of the mechanical properties of th…
A water-soluble bifunctional polyurethane WPU200 is prepared and used for wash-and- wear finishing of silk fabrics. The wet resiliency of the finished silks greatly improves, and dry resiliency drops a little. Anionic and nonionic softeners, which can improve the dry crease recovery angle and handle of finished silk f…
Abstract A method of estimating the dependency of the relative viscosities and average sedimentation velocities of particle dispersions on the particle packing behavior, which is related to the shape (sphericity or aspect ratio) of the particle and the ruggedness of the particle surface is proposed. For each ensemble…
Ultrafine‐grained monoclinic ZrO 2 polycrystals (MZP) and 3‐mol%‐Y 2 O 3 ‐stabilized tetragonal ZrO 2 polycrystals (3Y‐TZP) were obtained by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Both MZP and TZP were “high‐purity” materials with impurities less than 0.1 wt%. The deformation behavior was studied at 1373 K, which was lower tha…
The mechanism of formation of fragmented (banded, block) dislocation structures (FDSs) in crystals subjected to large plastic deformations are discussed. The theoretical analysis is based on the kinetic equations for the density of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). The equations include the processes of mul…
The oxidation behaviour and strength degradation of a Yb2O3−SiO2−doped hot-pressed silicon nitride ceramic were investigated in air for up to 100 h at temperatures between 1200 and 1500°C. The parabolic weight gain versus oxidation time was measured. The oxidation products consisted of Yb2Si2O7 and SiO2 (α-cristobalit…
An investigation of the reactions of metallo-5-nitro-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethylporphyrins with Grignard reagents, benzyl oxide, phenoxide and benzenethiolate nucleophiles shows that, except for benzenethiolate reactions, they are less efficient than related reactions of metallo-2-nitro-5,10,15,20-tetraarylporphyrin…
Several symmetrical dimers comprised of salicylaldimine-moieties connected through ester linkages to the termini of odd-parity alkanediols have been synthesized and investigated for their thermal behaviour. In order to understand the structure-property relations, the lengths of the central alkylene spacers (C3 and C5)…
This paper reports an experimental investigation of comfort sensations of people wearing polo shirts with different garment treatments. Subjects are asked to rate their comfort sensations before and after exercising. Before exercise, overall discomfort is largely determined by tactile sensations ( e.g., itchiness and…
The film formation by the phase inversion process induced by humidified air was investigated at 40°C from a 16 wt-% poly(ether imide)/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solution. Weight measurements of the film forming system and video recording of the phase separation were performed in-situ to get a deep insight of the mass tr…
Applicability of metallic U-Pu-Zr fuel to commercial fast reactors is being studied in Japan. This requires evaluation of the integrity of the metallic fuel to be used under severe irradiation conditions of commercial reactors, such as higher coolant temperature and higher burnup. When the high temperature application…
The relationship between Barkhausen noise and biaxial stress was studied in mild steel specimens in as received and annealed conditions. In the as received condition the saturation stress of the Barkhausen noise was higher but the stress sensitivity was lower than in the annealed condition. In the as received conditio…
A porous oxide fiber coating was investigated for Nextel ™ 610 fibers in an alumina matrix. Polymeric‐solution‐derived yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y 3 Al 5 O 12 ) with a fugitive carbon phase was used to develop the porous fiber coating. Ultimate tensile strengths of tows and minicomposites following heat treatments…
Mass attenuation coefficients of some shielding materials, namely, Bakelite, black cement, white cement, plaster of paris, and concrete were determined at 356-, 511-, 662-, 1173-, and 1332-keV energies, and those of glasses containing oxides of B, Cd, Pb, and Bi were determined only at 662 keV using a narrow beam tran…
Ceramic oxygen generators (COGs) based on stabilized zirconia electrolytes are being developed for oxygen generation from air and other gases, e.g., carbon dioxide. In zirconia‐based COG cells, it is desirable to use thin‐film electrolytes to minimize ohmic resistance losses, thus permitting reduced operating temperat…
Superplastic tensile ductility in Al 2 O 3 –10 vol% ZrO 2 (3 mol% Y 2 O 3 ) exhibits processing dependence when the grain size is reduced to 0.45 μm for a given relative density of ∼99.5%. The reduced grain size leads to largely enhanced ductility in a material prepared by colloidal processing, but does not in a mater…
Electrorefining of unirradiated metal alloy fuel, U-20Pu-10Zr (% by weight), was carried out in an Ar atmosphere cell to obtain a basic knowledge of spent fuel treatment. Before electrorefining, the Pu ion concentration in LiCl-KCl electrolyte was adjusted to 4 wt.% using pure Pu metal and CdCl2. Cylindrical alloy fue…
A review concerning general characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA) and methods of its synthesis using renewable vegetable resources. Methods of PLA synthesis either by lactid acid polycondensation or by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide have been presented. For ROP method the polymerization mechanisms (ca…