Materials Literature
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From 1934 to 1938, Bethlehem Steel Corporation initiated a series of outdoor corrosion tests involving several hundred low-alloy steel compositions. These tests were conducted in the industrial atmospheres of Bethlehem, PA, Pittsburgh, PA, and Columbus, OH, for up to 16 years. The purpose was to define the effects of…
Fuller's earth and acid activated smectitic clays are largely used as bleaching earth for the industrial processing of vegetable, animal and mineral oils and waxes. The paper comments about the nomenclature used for these materials, the nature of the acid activation of smectitic clays (bentonites), activation laborato…
The effect of quantum lattice fluctuations on the optical-absorption spectra in the ground state of halogen-bridged mixed-valence transition-metal linear-chain complexes is studied by using a one-dimensional extended Peierls-Hubbard model. The nonadiabatic effects due to finite phonon frequency $ω_π>0$ are treated thr…
Thin films of MgB2 superconductor were prepared by three different procedures on sapphire and silicon substrates. Boron thin films, ex-situ annealed in magnesium vapour, resulted in textured polycrystalline films with crystal dimensions below about 1000 nm, onset critical temperature Tcon near 39 K and width of phase…
A novel continuous-compositional-spread (CCS) technique based on the nonuniformity of the deposition rate typically observed in pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) is introduced. Using rapid (submonolayer) sequential deposition of the phase spread’s constituents, intermixing of the constituents occurs on the atomic scale du…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplications of Synchrotron-Based X-ray MicroprobesPaul M. Bertsch and Douglas B. HunterView Author Information Advanced Analytical Center for Environmental Sciences, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, The University of Georgia, Drawer E, Aiken, South Carolina 29802 Cite thi…
Nanoparticles of indium oxide, a transparent conducting oxide with a band gap close to GaN, were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation of a pure indium metal target. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that nanocrystalline indium oxide particles with a mean diameter of 6.6 nm with a cubic c…
The oxidation of CO on single Pd atoms anchored to MgO(100) surface oxygen vacancies is studied with temperature-programmed-reaction mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. In one-heating-cycle experiments, CO(2), formed from O(2) and CO preadsorbed at 90 K, is detected at 260 and 500 K. Ab-initio simulations sug…
Topology related changes in the local density of states near the apex of carbon nanocones are investigated using both tight-binding and ab initio calculations. Sharp resonant states are found to dominate the electronic structure in the region close to the Fermi energy. The strength and the position of these states wit…
Pure and La doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin (BST) films were fabricated via the metalorganic solution deposition technique using carboxylate-alkoxide precursors on Pt–Si substrates. The La doping concentration, from 0 to 10 mol %, was found to have a strong influence on the 750 °C postdeposition annealed films material prop…
The coherent interband dynamics of optically excited two-dimensional lateral surface superlattices driven by an in-plane static electric field has been investigated. The linear absorption, the spectrally-resolved pump-probe four-wave mixing signals and spatial coherent wavepacket evolution in the time-domain are obtai…
Crossing multiwalled carbon nanotubes are connected by irradiating the junction in a scanning electron microscope. The aggregation of hydrocarbons and successive transformation into amorphous carbon under the electron beam is used to solder nanotubes and to make a mechanical junction. Transmission electron microscopy…
ABSTRACT Whey protein film solubility decreased as film‐forming solution heating time and temperature increased. No differences were observed in solubility between films soaked in water at 25 °C for 24 h and 100 °C for 4 min. However, the degree of swelling was significantly larger for films soaked at 100 °C. Films be…
Using multi‐anvil high‐pressure devices and synchrotron radiation, X‐ray in situ observations of HfO 2 under high pressure and high temperature have been performed to investigate its phase relations and compression behavior. An orthorhombic phase (orthoI) is stable from 4 to 14.5 GPa below 1250°–1400°C and transforms…
Bimetallic gold and silver particles, a core−shell type structure, have been prepared by a UV-photoactivation technique. The optical absorption spectra are recorded and compared with various absorption profiles due to Au−Ag particles described in the literature. Initially Au particles formed by UV irradiation, which a…
When microcapsules of phase change materials (PCMS) are added to textiles, they absorb heat energy as they change from a solid to a liquid state and release heat as they return to a solid state. This project quantifies the effect of PCMS in clothing on heat flow from the body during temperature transients. One- and tw…
MnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles in a size range of 4−14 nm have been synthesized from water-in-toluene reverse micelles by using sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (NaDBS) as surfactant. The blocking temperature, saturation magnetization, and coercivity of the nanoparticles are clearly size-dependent. The blocking temperature in…
Access to structure–processing property relationships in nanocomposites is given through the work undertaken by these authors. Their approach relies on linking cubic silsesquioxane (see Figure) by organic tethers. The analytical data presented here form strong foundations for the formation of nanocomposites with well-…
As the consumer and industrial requirements for compact, high-power density electrical power systems grow substantially over the next decade, development of high power/energy density capacitor technology is a major enabling technology component element. For microsecond to fractional-second electrical energy storage, d…
The sensitivity of transport in colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) manganites to external electric and magnetic fields is examined using field effect configurations with ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ (LCMO), ${\mathrm{Na}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$, ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\ma…