Materials Literature
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The polarized optical reflectance of the quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)2ClO4 has been measured along the chain axis from the far-infrared (~8 meV) to the visible (~1 eV) at temperatures between 10 and 300 K. A self-consistent description of the far infrared reflectance and the high metallic conductivi…
Abstract Two smectites with different layer charge localization were used to characterize the chemical and structural aspects of minerals treated with 1.9 × 10 −2 m and 1 m heavy metal solutions (Zn 2+ and Pb 2+ ). Natural and treated smectites were analysed by: (1) X-ray powder diffraction first at 25°C and relative…
Abstract In this work, we have investigated by differential scanning calorimetry the enthalpy relaxation of two poly[methyl(α‐n‐alkyl)acrylates] in which it is possible to change the length of the two alkyl chains. In particular, we have evaluated the Narayanaswamy parameter, which controls relative contribution of te…
Abstract The influence of the cations on the condensation of anions CdBr 4 2- in salts (A')CdBr 4 (II) and (A) 2 CdBr 4 (II) is studied by 79,81 Br NQR and X-ray crystal structure determinations. (A')CdBr 4 : A' = [H 3 N(CH 2 ) 3 NH 3 ] 2+ (1) crystallizes with a layer-type anion structure at 298 K and A' = [1,4-(H 3…
Dynamic and static first hyperpolarizabilities (β) of a series of benzoic and cinnamic acids in water have been investigated. These acids exist in a mixture of acidic and basic forms in solution. The hyperpolarizability of the basic form is higher than that of the corresponding acid form which is attributed to the red…
Abstract The thermal expansion tensor of crocoite has been determined from high-resolution neutron time-of-flight powder diffraction data. The temperature dependence of the lattice constants between 4.5 K and 290 K have been fitted to a quasi-harmonic Einstein model, and the temperature dependence of the thermal expan…
Semicrystalline polymers gelled from thermally quenched semidilute solutions can, in some cases, be supercritically dried to produce nano-structured foams of exceedingly high specific surface area. This article investigates the nano-morphology of these semicrystalline foams. The common morphological feature that these…
A 0°/90° ceramic‐matrix composite (CMC) comprised of Nicalon fibers in magnesium aluminosilicate (MAS) has been loaded in tension in three orientations relative to the fiber direction: 0°, 30°, and 45°. The off‐axis loaded samples exhibit inelastic deformation at appreciably lower stresses than samples loaded at 0°. M…
Collagen has been widely coated or grafted onto polymer surfaces to improve the biocompatibility of materials. To better support the growth of endothelial cells on polyurethane (PU), collagen was grafted to the carboxyl group enriched PU through 1,2-bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethane linking. Our results demonstrated that co…
The calculation of the IR absorbance of a powdered crystalline, ionic material, diluted in an appropriate IR-transparent matrix in a known proportion, is in principle possible, provided that the size and shape distributions of the particles, as well as the optical parameters of the bulk material, and those of the matr…
This book will be invaluable to anyone who is interested in understanding the physics of thermoluminescence (TL). Intended for use by TL dosimetrists, research workers and students, it includes information on glow curves, emission spectra, the mechanisms of TL production, trapping parameters associated with TL signals…
Various concentrations of molybdate (MoO42−) were added to the protein-containing and deproteinated exopolymers of the marine bacterium Deleya marina. Interaction was investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron spin resonance (ESR). MoO42− reduction was observed exclusively in the deaerated…
Abstract Chain transfer can be performed effectively by a mechanism of addition‐fragmentation with appropriately substituted allylic compounds, vinyl ethers and thionoesters. Selection of substituents allows the optimization of chain transfer activity and the preparation of macromonomers and other end‐functional polym…
The effect of substitutional disorder in a Fibonacci chain is studied. In particular it is shown that the presence of a single impurity affects all the states of the unperturbed system, reducing the fractal dimension of the spectrum. Resonant eigenstates are also observed. The consequences of the instability of the sp…
Conflicting information is available on the propensity different soil clays exhibit to dispersion. We therefore assessed the relative stability of the clay components of 12 soil samples, from various parts of South Africa, to predominantly physical disruption by a mild disruptive treatment [mechanical shaking for 5 mi…
Abstract Fine clays (<0.1 μm) extracted from an acid soil developed in a granite saprolite from the Massif Central, France, were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a curve decomposition program, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) associated with a method of impregnation of mois…
Abstract The influence of temperature and type of initiator on the grafting efficiency of maleic anhydride onto isotactic poly(propylene) powder under solid‐state reaction conditions was investigated. The level of bonded maleic anhydride was found to be about 20% higher using aliphatic peroxide, such as lauroyl peroxi…
This paper presents the results of a study investigating the energy performance of three newly developed prototype electrochromic devices. The DOE-2.1 E energy simulation program was used to analyze the annual cooling, lighting, and total electric energy use and peak demand as a function of window type and size. The a…
Based on recent experimental results, a molecular model of the ferroelectric ordering in the induced smectic-${C}^{*}$ phase is proposed in terms of a coupling between dipole and quadrupole ordering of chiral molecules. The analysis of the correlations between the value and sign of the spontaneous polarization and the…
Relationships between abiotic oxidation and adsorption of phenolic acids added to soils and soil chemical properties were investigated by using 32 soil samples and ferulic, vanillic, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids. Soil properties studied were as follows: (as adsorption factors) contents of acid oxalate extractable Al (Al…