Materials Literature
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The crystal structure of Cr(2)N precipitates in high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Based on the analyses of selected area diffraction (SAD) patterns, the crystal structure of Cr(2)N was confirmed to be trigonal (P31m) and was characterized by three sets…
The stable anhydrous form of alpha-lactose has been obtained by the dehydration of alpha-lactose monohydrate in methanol. An X-ray powder diffraction pattern was recorded at room temperature with a laboratory diffractometer equipped with an INEL curved sensitive detector CPS120. The starting structural model of this f…
We present a model for reverse domain nucleation in ferroelectrics, which takes into account ferroelectric-electrode coupling in both homogeneous and random cases. The model provides a solution to the coercivity paradox--i.e., the large discrepancy between the observed and predicted coercive fields, common to many sys…
In‐situ microfibrillar poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/isotactic polypropylene (iPP) was fabricated via a slit die extrusion, hot stretching, and quenching process. Morphological observation shows that well‐defined microfibrils were generated in‐situ. The microfibrils become larger with the increase of PET concentr…
We have used electron microscopy and diffraction to refine the structure and investigate the microstructure of Ba(3)Ti(2)RuO(9). The parent compound is hexagonal BaTiO(3) with the space group P6(3)/mmc. Using convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) combined with electron-sensitive image plates we have found that t…
Thermal stability and temperature-dependent properties of carbon nanotubes are very important for the fabrication of carbon nanotube-based devices. High purity of carbon nanotube matrix was achieved by sieving through Anatop filters. The temperature dependence of G-band in single-wall-carbon-nanotubes matrices and hig…
The scattering structure factor of a colloidal gel in a q range of 5 orders of magnitude has been determined by combining static light scattering, small-angle light scattering, and neutron scattering measurements. It exhibits simultaneously two types of structure information: a mass fractal scaling within the clusters…
Ultrathin nanocrystalline films of gold formed at different temperatures at the organic-aqueous interface have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electronic spectroscopy. The films are smooth and continuous over relatively large length scales and are generally app…
This work shows that optical switching between the spiro (SP) and merocyanine (MC) states of different photochromes specifically labeled to G-actin can be used to rapidly and reversibly modulate specific dipolar interactions within the conjugate. Members of a common spirobenzopyran photochrome and a related spironapht…
ZnO films on c-sapphire with and without an MgO buffer were grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. ZnO with an MgO buffer was two dimensionally grown, while ZnO without an MgO buffer was grown three dimensionally, which was confirmed by in situ RHEED (reflection high energy electron diffraction) and AFM (ato…
We report on an extensive study on light propagation in Fibonacci quasicrystals, with special focus on the optical states around the fundamental band gap of the structure. The samples are fabricated using free-standing porous silicon and experiments are performed using an ultrafast time-resolved transmission technique…
The competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange for Ni–Gd and Ni–Ni interactions, respectively, leads to spin frustration and a degenerate S=13/2 spin ground state for the symmetric [GdNi6] cluster in (NMe4)[GdNi6(pro)12](ClO4)4 (Hpro=proline; octahedral core shown). The influence of the Ni–Ni cou…
The low-spin (LS-LS, S = 0) diamagnetic form of the binuclear spin crossover complex {[Fe(bt)(NCS)(2)](2)(bpm)} was selectively photoconverted into two distinct macroscopic phases at different excitation wavelengths (1342 or 647.1 nm). These long-lived metastable phases have been identified, respectively, as the symme…
In proteins, the proline ring exists predominantly in two discrete states. However, there is also a small but significant amount of flexibility in the proline ring of high-resolution protein structures. We have found that this side-chain flexibility is coupled to the backbone conformation. To study this coupling, we h…
Single crystal zinc oxide is a wide band gap semiconductor with great potential for a variety of commercial applications including substrates, UV photodetectors, acoustic wave devices, light emitting diodes, laser diodes, and high frequency electronic devices. ZnO is unique in that it has a very high exciton binding e…
The role of hydrogen in nitrogen-doped ZnO thin films was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption and modeled by first-principles calculations to understand the difficulty of doping ZnO p-type with nitrogen. Nitrogen-doped ZnO films were fabricated by low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor depositio…
Ferroelectricity and large dielectric constant at room temperature have been demonstrated for cocrystals of phenazine and anilic acids constructing supramolecular assemblies. Deuteration of the anilic acids gives rise to an increase by more than 50 K in the transition temperature, which exceeds room temperature for th…
Monolithic pure silica gels with hierarchical macro-mesoporous structure have been synthesized via a spontaneous sol−gel process from silicon alkoxide using a structure-directing agent and a micelle-swelling agent. A monolithic body with well-defined co-continuous macropores is a result of concurrent phase separation…
High-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction measurements were carried out at the 32-ID beamline of the Advanced Photon Source of Argonne National Laboratory in order to clarify the structure of geological aragonite, a widely abundant polymorph of CaCO(3). The investigated crystals were practically free of impurity…
A calibration free measurement method for determination of the magnetization loss of superconducting samples exposed to the external AC magnetic field is presented. The idea is based on the measurement of the part of the power which is supplied by the AC source to the AC magnet generating the magnetic field, in which…