Materials Literature
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We point out that the phenomenon ``heating by freezing'' discovered in nonequilibrium simulations by Helbing, et al. (PRL 84, 1240 (2000)) extends to equilibrium systems as well. We argue that such reentrant fluctuation-driven freezing can, for example, be realized in two-dimensional colloidal systems subjected to a o…
The quasiparticle band structures of nonmagnetic monoxides $M\mathrm{O}$ $(M=\mathrm{Mg},$ Ca, Ti and V), are calculated by the GW approximation. The band gap and the width of occupied oxygen $2p$ states in insulating MgO and CaO agree with experimental observation. In metallic TiO and VO, conduction bands originated…
The thermal decomposition of hydrotalcites (HTs) with different interlayer anions in the 298-523 K region has been investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and IR, 27Al MAS-NMR and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy.…
A combination of cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry, time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), and Z-scan measurements employing a modified optically transparent thin-layer electrochemical (OTTLE) cell has been used to identify and assign intense transitions of metal alkynyl complexes at t…
Scanning tunneling microscopy experiments show that the unstable growth morphology observed during molecular beam homoepitaxy on slightly vicinal Si(001) surfaces consists of straight step bunches. The instability occurs under step- flow growth conditions and vanishes both during low-temperature island growth and at h…
Kinetic 3D lattice Monte Carlo studies are presented on Si nanocrystal (NC) formation by phase separation in 1 keV Si implanted thin SiO2 films. The simulation start from Si depth profiles calculated using the dynamic, high-fluence binary collision code TRIDYN. From the initial Si supersaturation, NCs are found to for…
We show that a microscopic definition of crystal defect, based on the effective mean single-particle potential energy, makes it possible to detect and visualize various types of local and extended crystal defects and develop an effective algorithm for tracking their time evolution.
We review the application of ultrafast optical spectroscopy in the study of correlated electron materials. The emphasis is on all-optical pump–probe and optical pump–far-infrared probe experiments on (a) colossal-magnetoresistance manganites and (b) high-temperature superconductors. The experimental techniques are dis…
Wurtzite ZnO nanobridges and aligned nanonails have been synthesized by thermal vapor transport and condensation method. The nanobridges have two rows of c -axis ZnO nanorods epitaxailly grown on the edges of the {0001} plane of the ZnO nanobelt. Some variations of the nanobridges have also been observed. The ZnO nano…
Polyaniline nanofibers with uniform diameters between 30 and 50 nm can be made in bulk quantities through a facile aqueous/organic interfacial polymerization method at ambient conditions. The nanofibers have lengths varying from 500 nm to several micrometers and form interconnected networks. Thin films made of the nan…
Abstract In order to optimize the formulation of the acrylate methacrylate (AMA) coating systems, the partial solubility parameters of AMA and those of various coating solvents and plasticizers have been computed using the group contribution method of Van Krevelan and Hoftyzer. The data were analyzed in accordance wit…
Polyindene was prepared by the controlled cationic polymerization of indene initiated with cumyl methyl ether/TiCl 4 in CH 2 Cl 2 at −65 °C. The number-average molecular weight was controlled by the ratio of monomer to cumyl methyl ether; polydispersity indicies ranged from 1.8 to 3. Polyindene samples prepared by thi…
Silica-supported molybdenum surface complexes were prepared by the reaction between (N)Mo(OtBu)3 and silica via displacement of the tert-butoxy ligands for siloxyls from the silica surface. The structure of the surface molybdenum complexes was well defined by in-situ FT-IR, elemental analysis, 1H NMR and 13C CP/MAS NM…
Different spectroscopic and photoelectrochemical behaviors were observed when racemic and enantiomeric [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ complexes were intercalated in the interlayer of K 4 Nb 6 O 17, even for the same intercalation amount. The results are interpreted in terms of the stronger interaction between racemic [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+…
Abstract An efficient strategy for the backbone functionalization of a tripodal phosphane ligand which allows its attachment to solid supports and polymers has been developed. Using pentaerythrol ( 1 ) as the starting material, the functionalized phosphane tripod HOCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 C(CH 2 PPh 2 ) 3 ( 9 ) was obtained i…
Ein einzähniger Ligand dient als Solvens: Durch Solvothermalsynthesen in n-Butylamin wurden Chalkogenid-Nanostäbe mit Halbleitereigenschaften aus leicht zugänglichen anorganischen Reaktanten erhalten. Das Amin eignete sich ausgezeichnet zur Formsteuerung von CdS-, CdSe-, ZnSe- und PbSe-Nanostäben (siehe Bild) unter re…
It was shown that, when filled with gallium, carbon nanotubes can absorb copper vapor with extraordinarily high efficiency. The copper vapor generated from the supporting copper grid upon heating to 800 °C in an electron microscope under a pressure of 1.0×10−5 Pa quickly deposited into the carbon nanotubes and formed…
Binary mixtures of lamellar colloids represented by hard platelets are studied within a generalization of the Zwanzig model for rods, whereby the square cuboids can take only three orientations along the x, y or z axes. The free energy is calculated within Rosenfeld’s “fundamental measure theory” adapted to the presen…
A study of the thermally induced and photoinduced changes in the mechanical properties of thin azobenzene polymer layers utilizing electromechanical spectroscopy is presented. Upon illumination at room temperature, weak photoinduced plasticization is observed. This is well below the degree of softening induced by heat…
Abstract Eight solvates of magnesium bis(tetrahydroborate) have been prepared and characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopy, and five of them also by X‐ray crystallography. Compounds Mg(BH 4 ) 2 ·3NH 2 t Bu and Mg(BH 4 ) 2 ·3pip each have a distorted trigonal‐bipyramidal structure (with the BH 4 group viewed as a simpl…