Materials Literature
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Since the middle of the 1970s, lubrication of the high rail flange has been used to reduce wear rates. Field tests have been taking place since 1997 to evaluate the differences in wear characteristics between mineral oil based grease and new environmentally adapted greases. The field tests have also investigated wheth…
In order to develop materials that exhibit enhanced flexoelectric switching in the chiral nematic phase we have identified mesogenic units that display inherently strong flexoelectric coupling capabilities. Here we examine the oxycyanobiphenyl (OCB) moiety: homologues from the nOCB series exhibit significant electro-o…
The temperature dependence of electric conductivity was studied in a granular amorphous carbon containing cobalt nanoparticles at an overall cobalt concentration below the percolation threshold. It was established that the electron transport in this structure is determined by the inelastic resonance electron tunneling…
The third-order nonlinear optical properties of polyaniline (PANI) solutions and films were investigated at 532 nm by use of Z-scan, power limiting, and optical Kerr gate techniques. The polymers studied were the undoped partially oxidized (emeraldine base) and fully reduced (leucoemeraldine base) forms of PANI. Our r…
Precision X-ray structural studies of the La 3 Nb 0.5 Ga 5.5 O 14 and Sr 3 Ga 2 Ge 4 O 14 single crystals were carried out. The space group P 321 was confirmed. The anomalous X-ray scattering was taken into account to establish the absolute structures (chirality) of the crystals; they proved to be of different sign. T…
Although modified 9Cr–1Mo (grade 91) steel is considered weldable using conventional procedures, the attainment of optimum weld metal properties often causes concern. In the current work, plates of grade 91 were manual metal arc welded using electrodes with slightly different compositions provided by two manufacturers…
The equation proposed by Augis and Bennett for determining the kinetic exponent of the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) model is thoroughly analyzed; a new expression, calculated accurately with no assumptions introduced, is proposed. This new method of calculation has been extended to the different kinetic models more commo…
This paper reports on the results of experimental studies on the durability of intumescent coating for steel frames. Intumescent coatings are fireproof materials that provide the thermal insulation of steel structures. They start to foam when the surface temperature reaches about 300°C by heating and form a layer of c…
The combination of low absorption and extreme mechanical and thermal properties make diamond a compelling choice for some more extreme far infrared (8–14 μm) window applications. The optical properties of CVD diamond at elevated temperatures are critical to many of these extreme applications. The absorption coefficien…
Corrosion behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel induced by two strains of thermophilic sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) was analyzed. Inoculated bacteria were isolated from the surface condenser's tubes of “Los Azufres”, a geothermal electric field located in the State of Michoacan in Central Mexico. Anaerobic corrosion…
Bradaczekite, NaCu4(AsO4)3, was discovered in a fumarole in the North Breach of the Great fissure Tolbachik eruption (GFTE) in 1975–1976, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Bradaczekite forms aggregates of dark blue plates elongate along [¯102]. The well-developed forms are {010}, {¯311}, {111} and {¯112}. The forms {¯301},…
A novel measurement method has been developed to optically measure ion density in TFT-LCD panels. We investigated the optical response of twisted-nematic (TN) cells when ions were transported by applying an alternating electric field. A characteristic flickering of transmitted light was observed when a rectangular vol…
The chemistry of argon, argon/nitrogen and argon/nitrogen/acetylene expanding thermal plasmas is investigated in order to unravel the role of plasma species in the fast deposition (up to 40 nm s -1 ) of hydrogenated amorphous carbon nitride (a-C:H:N) films. The precursor dissociation is determined and the emission fro…
Abstract A calcium phosphate hydrogel with high viscosity was easily derived for a brief period from the reaction of water with the metaphosphate glass powders. 31P MAS-NMR and HPLC spectra showed that the hydrogel has linear and cyclic polyphosphate structures consisting of PO4 group connected to calcium ions and pro…
The microscopic bridging stress distribution developed behind the crack tip of a highly anisotropic silicon nitride has been measured along the crack profile using Raman microprobe spectroscopy with a micrometer spatial resolution. The near‐tip rising R ‐curve behavior and the crack‐opening displacement (COD) profile…
Photo-alignment and photo-patterning of monomeric- and polymeric liquid crystals by the linear photo-polymerisation (LPP) technology enables novel molecular configurations in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) as well as a plethora of new thin-film optical elements on single plastic substrates. A molecular building block…
Abstract The crystal structure of hydrothermally synthesized Rb-feldspar (monoclinic, space group C 2/ m , a = 8.839(2)Å, b = 13.035(2)Å, c = 7.175(2)Å, β = 116.11(1)8, V = 742.3(3)Å 3 , Z = 4) has been refined to a final R of 0.0574 for 692 independent X-ray reflections. Microprobe analyses of the Rb-feldspar suggest…
The present paper describes the morphology, chemistry and crystallography of silicide precipitates that were observed in Nb–Si and Nb–Ti–Si solid solutions. Although the stable structure of Nb3Si is tetragonal (tP32), within the bcc Nb solid solution, fine-scale Nb3Si precipitates were observed with a metastable ortho…
A polarizerless reflective guest-host LCD, which exhibits high luminance and good legibility has been fabricate by using NLC with Δ ε < 0 that is doped with nanomaterial molecules, fullerene C60, and dichroic dye molecules, where the NLCs are homeotroptically aligned without rubbing. It is considered that the doped C6…
Reaction of [Ti7O4(OEt)20] with benzoic acid results in the formation of the new cluster [Ti6O4(OEt)14(OOCPh)2] with concomitant rearrangement of the cluster structure. The molecular structure of the new cluster was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and can be represented by the extended formula [Ti6(μ4-O…