Materials Literature
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Recently Kerafol's alliance with H.C. Starck and the commercial availability of the jointly developed high - output cells with scandium doped zirconia electrolytes was announced. Together the companies are able to provide cells possessing extraordinary performance and long term stability. The combined production facil…
A new type of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is presented which can convert heat absorbed from a high-temperature source to electricity bypassing the Carnot limitation and use solid carbon as the fuel. The essential cell reaction is the partial oxidation of carbon to carbon monoxide, unlike in the case of conventional S…
Ferroelectricity is attractive in data storage application as the polarizations can be used as binary levels. However, conductivity and ferroelectricity cannot be tuned independently in inorganic materials, thus two-terminal resistive memories with ferroelectrics are yet to be achieved. Here, we present an all-polymer…
Hydantoinases are industrial enzymes with varying degree of activities on variable substrates to form different products. Although, few of the hydantoinase structures were known recently, the functional details and active site mechanism were not clearly understood yet. In a structure determination effort we reported t…
The phase transformation of cubic stabilized zirconia in real SOFC stacks, especially in regions along the anode/electrolyte interface, was investigated by micro-Raman spectroscopy. In some real stacks, phase transformation of cubic stabilized zirconia into tetragonal phase was observed at the electrolyte/anode interf…
BaCe0.65Zr0.2Y0.15O3-δ (BCZY) have been recently proposed for IT-SOFCs due to its high proton conductivity. On the other hand considerable efforts are directed towards the development of metal-supported cells. The combination of the potential advantages offered by either proton conductors based cells and metal support…
staxera GmbH is a manufacturer of commercial available solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks and Integrated Stack Modules (ISM). The aim of development and testing is to meet the requirements of existing customers and the needs of the market. Besides high power densities, low degradation rates in long term operation and…
Liquid tin-lead alloy, liquid bismuth, and liquid tin-lead-bismuth alloy were investigated as potential anodes for a solid oxide fuel cell powered directly by coal. Power generation from direct oxidation of solid coal was demonstrated with a good stability only in the case when liquid tin-lead anode was used. The test…
The corrosion protection of epoxy-polyamide primers containing either hexagonal Pr2O3 or cubic Pr6O11 inhibitors deposited on chromate conversion coated Al 2024-T3 substrates was studied. Electrochemical evaluations, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction were used to c…
The structural disorder and lattice stability of complex perovskite (Ba,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3, a promising cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen permeation membranes, is explored by means of first principles DFT calculations. It is predicted that Ba and Sr ions easily exchange their lattice positions (A-cation…
In situ Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the real time chemistry occurring in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating at 715åC with both dry and humidified ethanol. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were carried out concurrent with the optical studies to correlate changes in SOFC per…
There has been a rapidly growing interest in three-dimensional micro-structural reconstruction of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes so as to derive more accurate descriptors of the pertinent geometric and effective transport properties. Experimental based reconstruction technique is based on processing of a sequ…
The following barium cerate zirconate compounds were prepared by the solid state route: BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2O3-δ, BaZr0.1Ce0.7Dy0.2O3-δ, BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Dy0.1O3-δ, The powders were attrition milled, pressed and sintered at 1550 °/4 h. X-ray diffraction data of all compositions show the perovskite orthorhombic phase (powde…
The oxygen nonstoichiometry of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 1-y Fe y O 3-δ (LSCF) mixed-conducting perovskite-oxides can be classified into two groups: the cobalt-rich compounds (y=0, 0.2, 0.4) were previously reported to show a sharp decrease in oxygen content with reducing atmosphere, while the oxygen vacancy concentration incr…
Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells have shown promise to offer several potential advantages over conventional anode (Ni-YSZ) supported cells, such as increased resistance against mechanical and thermal stresses and a reduction in materials cost. The purpose of this work is to illustrate how the metal-supported cel…
In this paper, several strategies for biogas reforming and their ensuing effects on solid-oxide-fuel-cell performance are explored. Synthesized biogas (65% CH4 + 35% CO2) fuel streams are reformed over a rhodium catalyst supported on a porous alumina-foam support. Reforming approaches include steam reforming and catal…
NiO-YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) supported micro-tubular LSM ((La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3)-YSZ/YSZ/NiO-YSZ solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have been prepared by a phase-inversion method. SEM results show that a novel asymmetric microstructure was obtained, with large finger-like pores on inner wall which can be…
The SOFC development at Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S (TOFC) and Riso̸ DTU is based on a R&D consortium which includes material development and manufacturing of materials, cells and stacks with metallic interconnects focussing on high electrochemical performance, durability and robustness. A significant effort is directed…
La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3-δ - Gd doped Ceria (LSCF-GDC) symmetric cathode cells were electrochemically tested at 600°C, after aging at various times and temperatures ranging from 650-850°C. The observed increases in polarization resistance were fit using a combined surface resistance and power-law coarsening kinetics mod…
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) technologies allow for a variety of microstructural morphologies. PVD is especially qualified for the production of dense ceramic layers at comparatively moderate substrate temperatures. This paper discusses the physical vapor deposition of SOFC functional layers, comprising perovskites…