Materials Literature
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Coral skeletal Sr/Ca is a palaeothermometer commonly used to produce high resolution seasonal sea surface temperature (SST) records and to investigate the amplitude and frequency of ENSO and interdecadal climate events. The proxy relationship is typically calibrated by matching seasonal SST and skeletal Sr/Ca maxima a…
We use low-amplitude, ultralow frequency pulses to drive nuclear spin transitions in zero and ultralow magnetic fields. In analogy to high-field NMR, a range of sophisticated experiments becomes available as these allow narrow-band excitation. As a first demonstration, pulses with excitation bandwidths 0.5-5 Hz are us…
Abstract As part of the ITER conductor qualification process, 3 m long cable-in-conduit conductors (CICCs) were tested at the SULTAN facility under conditions simulating ITER operation so as to establish the current-sharing temperature, T cs , as a function of multiple full Lorentz force loading cycles. After a compre…
Abstract The combustion patterns, characteristics, and kinetics were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis for raw maize straw, cotton stalk, and chars obtained from segmented heating carbonization at 300–800 °C. With increasing carbonization temperature, combustion patterns of biomass chars transform from the se…
Superconductivity is the phenomenon in which, below a certain temperature, a metal loses all resistance to current flow. Using a simple model, theorists show that it is possible to drive a fermionic band insulator into a superconductor.
Abstract An investigation of the annealing influence on the stripe domains structure in Permalloy films has been performed by comparing the static and dynamic magnetic properties. An increasing exchange stiffness constant A ex is found when the annealing temperature rises. The magnetic force microscopy images show tha…
Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil (BC soil) is studied by using Lime and Fly ash. BC soils are highly clayey soils (Montmorillonite clay mineral). The moisture changes in BC soils, compressibility and plasticity nature can be greatly improved with the addition of Lime and Fly ash. This paper includes the evaluation o…
A three-dimensional metal-organic framework (MOF) consisting of pillared square-grid nets based on paddle-wheel units was synthesized by interfacial self-assembly of the frameworks on a metal-ion-doped polymer substrate. Although this type of Cu-based MOF is typically synthesized by a two-step solvothermal method, the…
The syntheses, structures, and physical properties of a full series of benzannulated tetraphenylenes are reported. The palladium-catalyzed annulation of tetraiodo-substituted 2,3,6,7,10,11,14,15-octamethyltetraphenylene with insufficient di(4-anisyl)ethyne yielded a mixture of per-substituted [8]circulene and its non-…
This paper is concerned with predicting the progressive damage and failure of multi-layered hybrid textile composites subjected to uniaxial tensile loading, using a novel two-scale computational mechanics framework. These composites include three-dimensional woven textile composites (3DWTCs) with glass, carbon and Kev…
Commercial viability of dielectric elastomers (DEs) is currently limited by a few obstacles, including high driving voltages (in the kV range). Driving voltage can be lowered by either decreasing the Young's modulus or increasing the dielectric permittivity of silicone elastomers, or a combination thereof. A decrease…
Neutron reflectometry has been successfully used to study adsorption on a stainless steel surface by means of depositing a thin steel film on silicon. The film was characterized using XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), TOF-SIMS (time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry), and GIXRD (grazing incidence X-ray d…
ABSTRACT Polybutadiene elastomers are versatile materials, being employed at several applications from rocket propellant binder to adhesives and sealants. The elastomers derived from hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene are usually stabilised with antioxidants to prevent degradation. In this study, a comparative assessme…
Abstract We have designed a decagonal photonic quasi-crystal (PQC) flat lens, which turns an incident terahertz (THz) plane wave into a hollow beam easily and flexibly. The features of the THz hollow beam can be controlled by varying the parameters of a point defect in the center of the lens, i.e., the PQC flat lens c…
Two new fullerene derivatives N3 and N6, derived from flourene, have been synthesized for the organic photovoltaic applications. The molecule N3 is a diarylmethano fullerene derivative, whereas N6 contains a chromophore 4-nitro-cyaostilbene (NCS). Their optical, electrochemical, and structural properties were systemat…
Abstract Small Fe-based droplets have been heated to a molten phase suspended within a slag medium to replicate a partial environment within the basic oxygen furnace (BOF). The confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) has been used as a heating platform to interrogate the effect of impurities and their transfer acros…
Density-functional theory (DFT) was applied to investigate the geometry and electronic properties of bare Si60 and H-terminated Si-fullerene. DFT predicts outward sites on a bare Si60 cage. By using π-orbital axis analysis (POAV), it is shown that these sites result from a strong tendency of silicon atoms to form sp(3…
As a green, low-pressure pretreatment for biomass, ionic liquids (ILs) have great potential, but their high cost has limited commercial application to date. Glycerol, a safe byproduct of the growing biodiesel industry, was investigated as an IL cosolvent. In this study, the ILs 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium formate ([C2…
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Monolithic sol–gel silica composites incorporating platinum‐based chromophores and various types of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are prepared and polished to high optical quality. Their photophysical properties are investigated. The glass materials show well‐defined localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance f…