Materials Literature
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Based on oxygen (O 2 ), pH, calcium (Ca 2+ ), and carbonate (CO 3 2‐ ) sediment pore‐water concentration profiles, we compare the benthic dissolution of autochthonous calcite in oligotrophic Lake Lucerne and eutrophic Lake Sempach. Despite their difference in trophic state, the two lakes have similar benthic O 2 regim…
A summary is presented of recent developments in ferroelectric nanotubes, nanowires and nanodots, their electrical characterization and related theories of their structures, including the possibility of toroidal ordering. Also summarized is recent work on ultra-thin single crystals and a status report on thin films, p…
We have fabricated and studied single lateral phase-change random-access-memory (PRAM), which has a confined Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 (GST) channel connected by two wide TiN electrodes of relatively low resistivity. Its switching current for Reset operation could be as low as 4–20 µA, about one or two orders of magnitude lower…
We investigate the effect of three-body correlations on the phase behavior of hard rectangle two-dimensional fluids. The third virial coefficient B3 is incorporated via an equation of state that recovers scaled particle theory for parallel hard rectangles. This coefficient, a functional of the orientational distributi…
Activated sludge was submitted to aerobic dynamic substrate feeding for the production of biodegradable plastics. Two sequencing batch reactors were operated with acetate or propionate as sole carbon substrates. With acetate a homopolymer of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was obtained and with propionate a copolymer of hyd…
Autothermal reforming is an attractive method for on-site production of hydrogen for use in proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The use of liquid hydrocarbons as feedstock, however, remains a challenge as these fuels cause severe coking of the currently available catalysts. In this work, cerium- and nickel-subs…
OBJECTIVE: Two strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), termed epidemic strains (EMRSA-15 and EMRSA-16), were used to evaluate the antimicrobial and barrier effect of four silver dressings (two silver donating and two non-silver-donating) available in the UK at the time of the study. METHOD: The…
The authors present a review of the recent research effort towards developing a fundamental understanding of fracture behaviour of polymer nanocomposites that contain nanoplatelet fillers. Various toughening mechanisms reported in the literature are summarized and discussed. Within this review, an emphasis is placed o…
We present calculations of the transmutation of initially pure tungsten first-wall and divertor plasma-facing armor into W-Re-Os alloys in the European Union Power Plant Conceptual Study (PPCS) fusion plant models A, B, and AB. The fusion neutron spectrum was modeled using the MCNP Monte Carlo code including resonance…
The selection of an inner fabric layer is an important aspect in the development of a liquid cooling garment (LCG). The desired characteristics of an inner fabric layer in LCGs include good thermal conductivity, moisture management, and tactile properties. Good thermal conductivity can improve cooling efficiency, and…
Silicon nanoparticles were prepared by off axis pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The optical properties of Si nanoparticles grown on quartz substrate have been characterized by optical absorption, photoluminescence, Raman, and transmission electron microscopy. TEM has demonstrated that the radius of nanocrysta…
Plastics have become a major factor in modern life and the massive volume of plastics in use has a significant effect on the environment. Major efforts are underway to reduce the impact of plastics on the environment and to make them more eco-friendly. Such efforts include the use of bio-materials instead of nonrenewa…
Abstract Modification of thermoplastic and rubbery materials by electron beam (EB) radiation is a potential method for development of new polymers and composites. Irradiation of polymeric materials results in grafting and subsequently formation of a three dimensional network through the union of generated macro radica…
Molecular systems composed of peptides or proteins can be programmed to yield intriguing and potentially useful supra-molecular architectures. In the past decade peptide self-assemblies at interfaces have been the subject of various studies aiming at formation of molecular structures with predictable patterns and prop…
The effects of F doping on the structural and electronic properties of the (5, 5) single-walled boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) are investigated by using the density functional theory method. The chemiadsorption of F maintains the hexagonal BN network, increases the lattice constant, and introduces acceptor impurity sta…
Complex metal hydrides are considered as a class of candidate materials for hydrogen storage. Lithium-based complex hydrides including lithium alanates (LiAlH(4) and Li(3)AlH(6)) are among the most promising materials owing to its high hydrogen content. In the present work, we investigated dehydrogenation/rehydrogenat…
An effect of nano-scale TiN grains on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Si3N4 based ceramic tool materials is investigated at the different sintering temperature. Compared to monolithic Si3N4 ceramic tool materials, the sintering temperature is decreased and mechanical properties is enhanced when only on…
Abstract A series of well defined polyethylene‐b‐polystyrene diblock copolymers (E x S y z , where x and y represent the composition in weight % and z the molecular weight in Kg/mol) has been synthesized in a wide composition range by sequential anionic polymerization. The molecular weight of the PE block was kept con…
The microchemistry of Ti-carbonitrides in Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy and scanning Auger electron spectroscopy. Pit initiation testing was conducted to clarify the preferential pitting sites of Alloy 600 in a deaerated 10,000-ppm chloride solution at 90°C. It was found th…
Basic data on leaching of magnesite (MgCO 3 ) with sulphuric acid are of interest from the point of view of the industrial process for obtaining pure MgSO 4 . The Taguchi method was used to determine the optimum conditions for the dissolution of magnesite in H 2 SO 4 solutions. The experiments were performed within th…