How corrosion affects industry and life
Corrosion management principles, along with conventional technical solutions to corrosion problems in industry, can be utilized to mitigate corrosion and its resulting problems.
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Crystal Structure and Replacement Reaction of Coordinated Water Molecules of the Heteropoly Compounds of Sandwich-Type Tungstoarsenates
Six new heteropoly compounds in the [M4(H2O)2(As2W15O56)2]16- series (M = CuII, MnII, CoII, NiII, ZnII, CdII), previously unknown, were synthesized and characterized by means of IR, UV-vis, CV, 183W NMR, TG-DSC, and elemental analyses. The synthetic method used in preparing this type of heteropoly compounds was differ…
Charge and orbital ordering in underdopedLa1−xSrxMnO3
We have explored spin, charge, and orbitally ordered states in ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ $(0<x<1/2)$ using model Hartree-Fock calculations on $d\ensuremath{-}p$-type lattice models. At $x=1/8,$ several charge and orbitally modulated states are found to be stable and al…
On the nature of thermal diffusion in binary Lennard-Jones liquids
The aim of this study is to understand deeper the thermal diffusion transport process (Ludwig–Soret effect) at the microscopic level. For that purpose, the recently developed reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method was used to calculate Soret coefficients of various systems in a systematic fashion. We studied…
Giant1/fnoise in perovskite manganites: Evidence of the percolation threshold
We discovered an unprecedented magnitude of the $1/f$ noise near the Curie temperature ${(T}_{c})$ in low-${T}_{c}$ manganites. The scaling behavior of the $1/f$ noise and resistance provides strong evidence of the percolation nature of the ferromagnetic transition in the polycrystalline samples. The steplike changes…
Electronic structure ofCu1−xNixRh2S4andCuRh2Se4: Band-structure calculations, x-ray photoemission, and fluorescence measurements
The electronic structure of spinel-type ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ni}}_{x}{\mathrm{Rh}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{4}$ $(x=0.0,$ 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0) and ${\mathrm{CuRh}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{4}$ compounds has been studied by means of x-ray photoelectron (XPS) and fluorescent spectroscopy. Cu ${L}_{3},$ Ni ${L}_{3},…
Multiscale Finite-Difference-Diffusion-Monte-Carlo Method for Simulating Dendritic Solidification
We present a novel hybrid computational method to simulate accurately dendritic solidification in the low undercooling limit where the dendrite tip radius is one or more orders of magnitude smaller than the characteristic spatial scale of variation of the surrounding thermal or solutal diffusion field. The first key f…
Compaction of Rods: Relaxation and Ordering in Vibrated, Anisotropic Granular Material
We report on experiments to measure the temporal and spatial evolution of packing arrangements of anisotropic, cylindrical granular material, using high-resolution capacitive monitoring. In these experiments, the particle configurations start from an initially disordered, low-packing-fraction state and under vertical…
Trapping Light in Polymer Photodiodes with Soft Embossed Gratings
Increasing the conversion efficiency is very important in photovoltaic devices, as is cheap and simple technology. Here is demonstrated a soft embossing technique for printing a submicrometer grating with an elastomeric mold into an optically active polymer layer in a photovoltaic device (see Figure). The light trappi…
Asymmetric block copolymers confined in a thin film
We have used a dynamic density functional theory (DDFT) for polymeric systems, to simulate the formation of micro phases in a melt of an asymmetric block copolymer, AnBm(fA=1/3), both in the bulk and in a thin film. In the DDFT model a polymer is represented as a chain of springs and beads. A spring mimics the stretch…
New developments of computer-aided crystallographic analysis in transmission electron microscopy
A new computer program for on-line crystallographic analysis in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is presented. The program is based on the fast on-line determination of single-crystal orientations from Kikuchi and spot patterns. Spot patterns, which are particularly useful in the case of highly deformed metals,…
Infrared Study of Water Sorption on Na-, Li-, Ca-, and Mg-Exchanged (SWy-1 and SAz-1) Montmorillonite
Abstract An environmental infrared microbalance (EIRM) cell was used to study H 2 O sorption on two montmorillonite samples as a function of water content and type of exchangeable cation. The vibrational spectra showed that H 2 O sorbed to the clay at low-water content was strongly influenced by the exchangeable catio…
Novel approach to phasing proteins: derivatization by short cryo-soaking with halides
A quick (less than 1 min) soak of protein crystals in a cryo-solution containing bromide or iodide anions leads to incorporation of these anomalous scatterers into the ordered solvent region around the protein molecules. These halide anions provide a convenient way of phasing through their anomalous scattering signal:…
Structural properties and thermal conductivity of crystalline Ge clathrates
Structural analysis and thermal conductivity data on ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{8}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{16}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{30}$ and ${\mathrm{Eu}}_{8}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{16}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{30}$ crystals are reported. These compounds form in the cubic space group $\mathrm{Pm}3\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}n$ with lattice parameters of…
Hyperbranched Polyether Polyols: A Modular Approach to Complex Polymer Architectures
A versatile modular system for complex branched polymer architectures has been developed through exploitation of the multibranching polymerization chemistry of glycidol. This report summarizes recent advances in the preparation of these novel polymers and describes the modular concept used to tailor their topology to…
Dendrimer-Encapsulated Pd Nanoparticles as Fluorous Phase-Soluble Catalysts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDendrimer-Encapsulated Pd Nanoparticles as Fluorous Phase-Soluble CatalystsVictor Chechik and Richard M. CrooksView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122…
Low Dielectric Constant Mesoporous Silica Films Through Molecularly Templated Synthesis
Nanoporous silica films are of interest to the semiconductor industryas low dielectric constant intermetal materials. Here the controlled synthesis of highly porous silica films with dielectric constants between ≈1.8 and ≈2.5 is described using a polyethylene ether surfactant to template the porosity and a spin-on sol…
Experimental Evidence of a Giant Capacitance in Insulator-Conductor Composites at the Percolation Threshold
Giant enhancement of the dielectric properties has been measured at the percolation threshold of a metal–insulator functional, graded composite using an in–situ electrical probe. The system reported (Mullite–Mo) combines very good thermal stability, low leakage currents, and very high capacitance, using dielectric mat…
x Ray crystallography
x Ray crystallography is currently the most favoured technique for structure determination of proteins and biological macromolecules. Increasingly, those interested in all branches of the biological sciences require structural information to shed light on previously unanswered questions. Furthermore, the availability…
Charge injection and transport in films of CdSe nanocrystals
We have studied charge injection and charge transport in thin disordered films of CdSe nanocrystals between metal electrodes. Current–voltage characteristics of these devices are investigated as a function of electrode material, nanocrystal size, and temperature. We measure the photocurrent response of these structure…