Materials Literature
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In the wake of the recent upsurge in demand for natural gas, more efficient gas transport through gas transport pipelines has been required. One way of responding to this problem is through pipeline upgrading. Where such upgrading takes place, application of pipes with the same diameter and same plate thickness means…
The development of subgrain boundary misorientations with strain in NaCl polycrystals has been investigated. At low strains, a power law relationship exists between strain and average misorientations. The accuracy of this relationship is assessed in terms of material and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) proce…
We have grown a series of ${[{\mathrm{PbMg}}_{1∕3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2∕3}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}]}_{(1\ensuremath{-}x)\ensuremath{\Lambda}}∕{[{\mathrm{PbTiO}}_{3}]}_{x\ensuremath{\Lambda}}({\mathrm{PMN}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}∕{\mathrm{PT}}_{x})$ superlattices for which the composition varies, $0.1\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{…
The concept of a ferroelastic glass, the mechanical analog of dipole and spin glasses, is introduced. The structural mechanism leading to a ferroelastic glass state, which is formed by a distribution of randomly oriented nanoscale ferroelastic domains, is described and justified theoretically. It is shown to provide a…
Heteroepitaxial Na0.5K0.5NbO3(1.5μm)/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3(0.5μm) (NKN/LSCO) films were grown on an Al2O3(011̱2) single crystal (r-cut sapphire) by rf-magnetron sputtering (NKN) and pulsed laser deposition (LSCO) techniques. Prism coupling waveguide refractometry has been employed to characterize vertical capacitive electro-…
An efficient method of preparing biodegradable and biocompatible multiblock copolymers from lactic acid and polyethylene glycol is proposed.
Accurate first-principles calculations of soft x-ray absorption spectra are compared with experimental data obtained for the ion-implanted MnxGe1−x ferromagnetic semiconductor. The well-defined features in the spectra are recognized as a signature of homogeneous Mn dilution within the Ge host, as demonstrated by compa…
The state-of-the-art in investigations into the supramolecular catalysis by metal complexes using macrocyclic receptor molecules is surveyed. The emphasis is placed on issues related to the design of novel metal complex catalysts capable of molecular recognition and to their applications in organic synthesis, in parti…
A network structure of a ferromagnetic metallic (FMM)∕charge-ordered insulator (COI) mixed phase manganite has been obtained by annealing a 150Å Pr0.65(Ca0.75Sr0.25)0.35MnO3 film under tensile strain on a SrTiO3 substrate. Under the same deposition and annealing conditions, a film deposited on a LaAlO3 substrate, whic…
The ferroelectric phase transition in the Aurivillius phase ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{3}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{1.5}{\mathrm{W}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{O}}_{9}$ was studied by high-resolution neutron powder diffraction. Below the ferroelectric Curie temperature ${T}_{c}=735\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$…
Abstract Measurements of the thicknesses of SiO 2 on Si in the range 1.5–8 nm can be made by XPS with precisions as high as 0.025 nm at one standard deviation, but in the past this has been overshadowed by systematic uncertainties of the order of 20% of the thickness arising from the uncertainty in the relevant electr…
Spin excitation spectrum is studied in the double-exchange model in the presence of disorder. Spin wave approximation is applied in the lowest order of $1∕S$ expansion. The disorder causes anomalies in the spin excitation spectrum such as broadening, branching, anticrossing with gap opening. The origin of the anomalie…
Ab initio absorption spectra and optical gaps for hydrogen-passivated Ge nanocrystals are calculated using time-dependent density functional theory within the adiabatic local density approximation. The results are compared to previous effective mass, tight-binding, empirical pseudopotential, and ``$\ensuremath{\Delta}…
Silver and silver iodide nanocrystals have been synthesized in the water-in-CO(2) reverse microemulsions formed by the commonly used surfactant, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT), in the presence of 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentanol as cosurfactant. The nanometer-sized aqueous domains in the microemulsi…
The energy dependence of the mean free path $\ensuremath{\lambda}(E)$ in graphite at low kinetic energies (below $\ensuremath{\sim}50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$) is studied using the synchrotron radiation excited Si $2p$ core level photoemission signal from a SiC substrate attenuated by an epitaxial graphi…
Abstract Delftia acidovorans P4a (DSMZ 10474) was grown in mineral medium on acetic acid at pH 8.0 without an additional supply of nutrients like yeast extract or polypeptone. Using acetic acid and γ‐butyrolactone (GBL), copolymers with a 4HB content from 2–90 mol % were detected in batch experiments, depending on the…
Detailed magnetization measurements $M(T,H,\ensuremath{\theta})$, were performed on single crystals of TbPtIn and TmAgGe (both members of the hexagonal ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}\mathrm{P}∕\mathrm{Zr}\mathrm{Ni}\mathrm{Al}$ structure type) for the magnetic field $H$ applied perpendicular to the crystallographic $c$ axis. Thes…
We present results on the in situ, two-dimensional growth (as opposed to the more commonly encountered island-coalescence mechanism) of continuous epitaxial Cu2O films on MgO(011) using dc facing-magnetron sputtering from metallic Cu targets in an oxygen/argon atmosphere. Film growth was studied as a function of depos…
Abstract The NCO‐terminated prepolymers, prepared by reacting a mixture of poly(tetramethylene glycol) and fumed nanosilica with 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate, were chain‐extended with 1,4‐ butanediol to yield polyurethane‐silica nanocomposites. The nanosilica particles were well dispersed in the polyurethane matr…
Abstract The purpose of this project was to obtain new composites using filler and resin obtained from renewable resources, combining low cost and good mechanical properties. The matrix consisted of a polyester resin synthesized from linseed oil and further crosslinked with styrene in a peroxide‐initiated reaction. Co…