Materials Literature
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We present a selection of stack designs for MOVPE grown InxGa1-xAs metamorphic buffer layers following various convex-down compositional continuous gradients of the In content, showing that defect generation and strain can be managed in a variety of ways, some rather unexpected (and unreported). Indeed, we observe tha…
We manipulate the transient terahertz (THz) waves emitted from metal-graphite interfaces, where potential barriers were formed because of work function differences. To flip the phase of the THz waves, two distinct groups of metals were evaporated on n-type doped highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG): group A, whic…
Topological insulators combine aspects of metals, semiconductors, and insulators and also show unusual electric properties. A theoretical study reveals that they also exhibit unconventional magnetism as a result of electron transitions normally forbidden by energy conservation.
A major challenge in the field of nanosciences is the assembly of anisotropic nano objects into aligned structures. The way the objects are aligned determines the physical properties of the final material. In this work, we take a closer look at the shapes of orientation distributions of aligned anisotropic nano and ma…
We report electrical and thermal transport properties of Mn-based material BaMn$_2$Bi$_2$ with ThCr$_2$Si$_2$ structure. The resistivity of the antiferromagnetic BaMn$_2$Bi$_2$ shows a metal-semiconductor transition at $\sim 80$ K with decreasing temperature. Correspondingly, the thermopower $S$ shows a peak at the sa…
In the close vicinity of a chiral nanostructure, the circular dichroism of a biomolecule could be greatly enhanced, due to the interaction with the local superchiral fields. Modest enhancement of optical activity using a planar metamaterial, with some chiral properties, and achiral nanoparticles has been previously re…
We use extended Cahn-Hilliard (ECH) equations to study faceted precipitate morphologies; specifically, we obtain four sided precipitates (in 2-D) and dodecahedron (in 3-D) in a system with cubic anisotropy, and, six-sided precipitates (in 2-D, in the basal plane), hexagonal dipyramids and hexagonal prisms (in 3-D) in…
The topologies of existing interface elements used to discretize cohesive cracks are such that they can be used to compute the relative displacements (displacement discontinuities) of two opposing segments (in 2D) or of two opposing facets (in 3D) belonging to the opposite crack faces and enforce the cohesive traction…
The free volume comprised between rough surfaces in contact governs the fluid/gas transport properties across networks of cracks and the leakage/percolation phenomena in seals. In this study, a fundamental insight into the evolution of the free volume depending on the mean plane separation, on the real contact area an…
We have investigated the stability and the reactivity of atomically dispersed Pt, Pd, and Ni species on nanostructured CeO 2 films by means of synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and resonant photoemission spectroscopy in combination with density functional calculations. All three metals reveal specific s…
Understanding the redox properties of metal oxide based catalysts is a major task in catalysis research. In situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is capable of monitoring the change of metal ion valences and formation of active sites during redox reactions, allowing for the identification of ongoing…
We propose previously unknown allotropes of phosphorus carbide (PC) in the stable shape of an atomically thin layer. Different stable geometries, which result from the competition between sp(2) bonding found in graphitic C and sp(3) bonding found in black P, may be mapped onto 2D tiling patterns that simplify categori…
The electronic structure of epitaxial single-layer ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$ on Au(111) is investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations. While the band dispersion of the supported single layer is close to a free-standing layer in the vicinity…
Monolayers of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides hold the promise for a new paradigm in electronics by exploiting the valley degree of freedom in addition to charge and spin. For MoS2, WS2, and WSe2, valley polarization can be conveniently initialized and read out by circularly polarized light. However, t…
Thermoelectric materials enable direct conversion between thermal and electrical energy and provide a viable route for power generation and electric refrigeration. In this paper, we use first-principles based methods to predict a very high figure of merit ( ZT ) performance in hole doped GeSe crystals along the crysta…
Color centers in diamond provide a promising platform for quantum optics in the solid state, but often their desirable properties are spoiled when they are incorporated into actual devices. The authors demonstrate a simple technique to create centers with uniformly high-quality optical properties, even inside nanoscal…
Formulating room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) mixed electrolytes was recently proposed as an effective and convenient strategy to increase the capacitive performance of electrochemical capacitors. Here we investigate the electrical double-layer (EDL) structure and the capacitance of two RTILs, 1-ethyl-3-methylimida…
The European Union-United States Communities of Research were established in 2012 to provide a platform for scientists to develop a "shared repertoire of protocols and methods to overcome nanotechnology environmental health and safety (nanoEHS) research gaps and barriers" (www.us-eu.org/). Based on work within the Eco…
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polyester derived from renewable resources, which is a leading candidate for the replacement of traditional petroleum-based polymers. Since the global production of PLA is quickly growing, there is an urgent need for the development of efficient recycling technologies, which wi…
Quantum dots (QDs), nano-carriers for drugs, can help realize the targeting of drugs, and improve the bioavailability of drugs in biological fields. And, a QD nano-carrier system for drugs has the potential to realize early detection, monitoring, and localized treatments of specific disease sites. In addition, QD nano…