Materials Literature
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White-blue electroluminescent emission with a voltage bias less than 10 V was achieved in rf sputter-deposited amorphous carbon nitride (a-CN) and amorphous silicon carbon nitride (a-SiCN) thin-film-based devices. The heterojunction structures of these devices consist of: Indium tin oxide (ITO), used as a transparent…
The copolymerization of epsilon-caprolactone (epsilon-CL) and d,l-lactide catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase B was studied. Copolymerizations with different epsilon-CL-to-lactide ratios were carried out, and the product was monitored and characterized by MALDI-TOF MS, GPC, and (1)H NMR. The polymerization of epsil…
Heavy metal oxide glasses containing GeO2 were investigated as potential hosts for 1.48 μm fiber-optic amplifiers because of their low phonon energy. Addition of ⩾10 mol % GeO2 to 0.57PbO−0.25Bi2O3−0.18Ga2O3 (mole fraction) glass provided thermal stability as well as good emission properties. The optimum glass composi…
A thermodynamic approach is used to develop a framework for modeling uranium–niobium alloys under the conditions of high-strain rate. Using this framework, a three-dimensional phenomenological model, which includes nonlinear elasticity (equation of state), phase transformation, crystal reorientation, rate-dependent pl…
Complex structures of carbon nanotubes formed from a conventional carbon arc-discharge method have been revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The branching and the droplet growth phenomena observed by HRTEM indicate that the formation and growth of carbon nanotubes from an arc-discharge…
The electric resistance CoFe2O4 nanocrystals of different sizes, obtained by the coprecipitation method was investigated under pressure up to 20 GPa in a diamond anvil cell at ambient temperature. The experimental results indicate that the phase transition (from the spinel to a tetragonal structure) takes place at 7.5…
The abnormal polarization offset observed in case of graded ferroelectric structures is explained assuming the presence of a nonreversible part of polarization due to the imposed polarization gradient. It is shown that an upper limit for the offset should exist, fixed by the remnant polarization of the component mater…
We report the structural, magnetic, and electrical transport properties of pervoskite oxide La0.9Te0.1MnO3. This material, with space group R-3C, shows spin-glasslike features at low temperature and has a good colossal magnetoresistance behavior. The magnetoresistance ratio MR=[ρ(0)−ρ(H)]/ρ(0) is about 51% at 200 K in…
The development of devices that combine a magnetic material with a semiconductor chip is a major focus of current research. Barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19 or BaM) thick films are deposited here using a rf sputtering system. The films are amorphous and nonmagnetic after deposition. Postdeposition thermal annealings are…
Ferroelectric Schottky diodes were fabricated with n-type Zn0.4Cd0.6S. These devices show promising nonvolatile memory properties and the integration into complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits seems feasible. So far, we have demonstrated on-resistances down to 100 Ω, on/off ratios up to 107, switchin…
Laser-induced weak shock formation in fused silica is studied using standard wave mechanics and applied to thin-film laser spallation experiments. Due to the negative nonlinear elasticity of fused silica, a laser-induced Gaussian stress pulse evolves into a shock after traveling a certain distance in a fused silica su…
The dynamic high-pressure behavior and phase stability of titanium–silicon carbide (Ti3SiC2), a unique ceramic having metal-like properties, was investigated in this study. Time-resolved measurements of the Hugoniot equation of state, employing a plate impact geometry, were conducted on the Ti3SiC2 samples in the pres…
The energy difference Δ E between the spin-allowed and spin-forbidden states of Tb 3+ in crystals is studied. The environmental factor h e representing the character of the host is redefined by using the chemical band of complex crystals. The relationship between h e and Δ E is found to be a linear relation. The resul…
Diffuse scattering (DS) due to the polar nanoregions in perovskite relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Zm 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 with 8% PbTiO 3 was investigated by cold neutron scattering with high energy resolution (8 GHz). The anisotropy of DS near the (100) Bragg reflection cannot be explained merely by the polar character of the i…
A series of zinc(II) porphyrin-imide dyads (ZP-Im), in which an electron donating ZP moiety is directly connected to an electron accepting imide moiety in the meso position, have been prepared for the examination of energy gap dependence of intramolecular electron transfer reactions with large electronic coupling. The…
Defect formations located in the bulk of ${\mathrm{KH}}_{2}{\mathrm{PO}}_{4}$ crystals are studied using a specially designed microscopic fluorescence imaging system. The concentration of the observed defect clusters varies depending on the crystal-growth method, the growth sector of the crystal, and the speed of grow…
Oxygen transport: Here, the authors present the elucidation of the NO decomposition activity of Cu-ZSM-5 (see picture) by identifying the bis(μ-oxo)dicopper species as the key intermediate that allows the smooth formation and desorption of O2. Its isomerized (μ-η2:η2-peroxo)dicopper core is present in natural enzymes,…
Electromigration lifetime was measured as a function of liner thickness for Cu/SiO2 interconnect structures. A significant increase in mean lifetime was observed for structures in which the liner thickness at the base of the test via was less than approximately 6 nm, with a current density <5 mA/μm2 in the powe…
Adding specific foreign elements into the eutectic Sb70Te30 fast-growth material is expected to be an effective way to increase its thermal stability for blue laser recording. We have studied the effects of Ag and In addition on the optical properties and crystallization kinetics of the eutectic Sb70Te30 recording fil…
The fluorine-containing metal naphthalocyanines [F16NcGaCl] (7) and [(F16NcGa)2O] (8), which represent the first examples of peripherally fluorine substituted naphthalocyanines, were synthesized, and the nonlinear optical transmission was studied. Peripheral substitution by fluorine atoms enhances the solubility and p…