Materials Literature
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We report the first experimental observation of a commensurate twist-grain-boundary smectic- $A$ phase $({\mathrm{TGB}}_{A})$. The number of blocks per pitch is found to vary with temperature but is independent of the thickness of the well aligned sample. For the first time the variations with temperature of the dista…
We show that the conductivity of the quasicrystal $i$-AlPdRe follows a Mott's variable range hopping conduction law $\ensuremath{\sigma}(T)\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{0}\mathrm{exp}\ensuremath{-}({T}_{0}/T{)}^{1/4}$ in the temperature range $20--600\mathrm{mK}$. The $i$-Al…
Highly (100) oriented Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) films were prepared on Si substrates with ultrathin SiO2 buffer layer by pulsed laser deposition. Hysteresis measurements show that saturation polarization, remnant polarization and coercive field of the films reach 26 μC/cm2, 10 μC/cm2 and 70 kV/cm, respectively. The thi…
The optical absorption properties were investigated for mesoporous silica loaded with different amounts (up to 5% in weight) of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (less than 4 nm in diameter) into its pores. In contrast to the previously reported glasses containing Ag particles, in this Ag particle-loaded silica no apparent su…
Rare earth titanate pyrochlores are known to exhibit magnetic frustration. Large, high quality single crystals of a series of oxide pyrochlores, , have been grown by the floating zone technique, using an infrared image furnace. The crystals are roughly 5 - 6 mm in diameter and 40 - 60 mm in length and have been grown…
Cu-doped ZnS nanocrystals were prepared in an inverse microemulsion at room temperature as well as under a hydrothermal condition. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the diameter of the Cu-doped ZnS nanocrystals particles was about 9 nm. These particles showed a strong photoluminescence intensity and a broad emiss…
Effective pyroelectric coefficients as large as 5 μC/cm2 °C, with peak responsivities at approximately 50 °C, were obtained from compositionally graded barium strontium titanate ferroelectric thin film devices formed on silicon using unbalanced magnetron sputter deposition. These effective pyroelectric coefficients ar…
Amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of a fluid hydrophobic and a polyelectrolyte part form monolayers at the air/water interface. With x-ray reflectivity it is shown that the hydrophobic block is a nm-thick melt, while the polyelectrolyte forms an osmotically swollen brush of constant thickness, independent of gra…
I show that, for a $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-type organic $(\mathrm{B}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{T}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{F}{)}_{2}X$ molecular crystal, a superconducting state with ${T}_{\mathrm{c}}\ensuremath{\approx}10\mathrm{K}$ and gap nodes on the Fermi surface can be caused by short-ranged antif…
We discuss algorithms applicable to the numerical solution of second-order ordinary differential equations by finite differences. We make particular reference to the solution of the dissipative particle dynamics fluid model, and present extensive results comparing one of the algorithms discussed with the standard meth…
193 nm excited time gated emission spectra of a NO monomer isolated in Ar, Kr, and Xe matrices are presented. In the Ar matrix a 4Π→X 2Π, B 2Π→X 2Π, and A 2Σ→X 2Π band systems are completely separable. In solid Kr, both B 2Π→X 2Π and A 2Σ→X 2Π appear promptly from the laser pulse, and in the Xe matrix only Rydberg A 2…
While the time dependence of the friction on a tagged particle in a dense liquid has been investigated in great detail, a similar analysis for the viscosity of the medium and the interrelationship between the two has not been carried out. This is despite the close relation always assumed, both in theoretical and exper…
This paper presents dipole moments, static polarizabilities, first hyperpolarizabilities and second hyperpolarizabilities calculated in the framework of density functional theory. All calculations have been performed using a finite field approach implemented in our new density functional theory program ALLCHEM. The ca…
It has long been appreciated that both temperature and density play roles in determining the extremely super-Arrhenius, low-temperature behavior of the viscosity and long α-relaxation times that characterize fragile supercooled liquids. But what has not been generally appreciated, and what we believe we have establish…
We have studied the nucleation and the physical properties of a -1/2 wedge disclination line near the free surface of a confined nematic liquid crystal. The position of the disclination line has been related to the material parameters (elastic constants, anchoring energy and favored anchoring angle of the molecules at…
Liquefaction of commodity polymers to oils and gases can be used to recover the energy value of these materials. This article reports liquefaction data for high-density polyethylene (HDPE), one of the major plastics in recycled material. Thermal degradation of HDPE to oil–gas mixtures required higher temperatures (450…
A series of polyacrylate–polyurethane networks (PUA) were synthesized and their pH-sensitive behaviors were studied. An unexpected swelling–deswelling behavior was observed as the composition changed. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were used to initially explain this phenomen…
By means of homogeneous stepwise condensation method, both the Ni–polyyne copolymers with PPh3 and PBu3 ligands, and modified π-conjugated nickel-containing copolymers have been synthesized and confirmed by infrared (IR) analysis. The Ni–polyyne copolymers obtained are yellow powder having a Mw of about 1 ∼ 2 × 104 an…
Liquefaction of commodity polymers to oils and gases can be used to recover the energy value of these materials. This article reports liquefaction data for high-density polyethylene (HDPE), one of the major plastics in recycled material. Thermal degradation of HDPE to oil–gas mixtures required higher temperatures (450…
This paper describes the mechanism of discharge on the surface of an insulating plate in gas exposed to a very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO). The voltage consists of a sequence of steep short pulses on its front. A streak camera and a charge-measuring system were employed for the investigation. The leader channel,…