Materials Literature
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Si has been widely recognized as one of the most promising anode materials for its high energy density; however, critical drawbacks such as large irreversible capacity decay and poor reliability/durability over extended cycles have significantly constrained its commercialization in many long duration, heavy duty appli…
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Recently several research groups have demonstrated accurate placement of graphene on hexagonal BN (hBN) with crystallographic alignment. Due to the resulting superlattice formed in the graphene/hBN heterostructures, an energy gap, secondary Dirac Points, and Hofstadter quantization in a magnetic field have been observ…
Extensive efforts have so far been devoted to mimic light harvesting and charge separation processes in natural photosynthesis.1 Multiporphyrin arrays have been employed as light-harvesting units. Light-harvesting and charge-separation units have been combined by coordination bonds between metalloporphyrins and electr…
Niobium oxide/carbon (Nb2O5/C) composites were synthesized in a one-pot process by combining electrochemical exfoliation of graphite with anodic deposition of niobium oxide. The purpose of this study is to develop an electrolyte system that includes a precursor for oxide deposition as well as graphite exfoliation agen…
Durable ceramic waste forms that incorporate a wide range of radionuclides have the potential to broaden the available disposal options and to lower the storage and disposal costs associated with advanced nuclear fuel cycles. Ceramic waste forms have also been studied because of their superior chemical durability and…
Graphene, thanks to its novel properties, has proved to be a very good material for electronics applications, spacing from MEMS to biosensing technology. In the last few years chemical vapor deposition of organic precursors onto transition metal supports revealed to be a trustworthy method for high quality graphene de…
To explore the relationship between the properties of the PTFE micropowders and the irradiation conditions, several PTFE micropowders were prepared by electron beam irradiation from 5 to 4000 kGy in air at room temperature. The properties of the irradiated PTFEs were characterized by particle size and its distribution…
A chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) of copper (Cu) damascene structure is prone to defect formation due to variety of chemical agents in slurry and chemical complex formation. In post CMP cleaning process, which should remove such defects, a mechanical scrubbing of wafer by porous and elastic brushes are eligibl…
Three-dimensional metal micro- and nanostructures offer opportunities to develop multifunctional materials with unique combinations of material properties. Traditional strategies to improve the mechanical properties of materials consist of altering either the microstructure or the composition. Both strategies, albeit…
Light-induced substrate transformations in artificial photosynthetic devices and functional enzyme model systems strongly depend on the feasibility of multielectron transfer catalysis [1,2]. The crucial advantage of coupling multiple redox equivalents and proton transfer steps in photocatalysis is to avoid free radica…
Thin film electrodes and electrolytes, especially grown epitaxially and approximating a single crystal, can be utilized as model systems to correlate electrochemical processes with structural changes on an atomic scale. In addition, studying the thin film components can be of importance for understanding and improving…
Metal oxide coatings on cathodes can improve electrochemical stability and longer life cycle of rechargeable Li-ion batteries. Such coatings protects the cathode surface from the direct contact with electrolyte, helps to prevent the formation of SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) layer, reduce ionic dissolution and th…
The transport, storage and degradation of macromolecules in cells represent tightly regulated processes that are vital to cellular function. Cells and organisms that are unable to regulate these processes will exhibit deleterious phenotypes such as impaired nervous system or liver function. Developing treatments for s…
We propose a conductor-corrugated gap-dielectric structure to realize broadband plasmonic modes at telecommunication wavelength. The structure consists of a corrugated low-index dielectric gap layer sandwiched by high-index dielectric and conductor layers. The electric field of the plasmonic modes is primarily concent…
Preferential grain orientation of copper (Cu) vias is speculated to result in a decrease in stresses in elastically anisotropic Cu. On the other hand, highly twinned Cu microstructures are known to increase their electromigration resistance and mechanical properties, without significantly degrading electrical performa…
Giant tubular fullerenes are prototypes of finite-length end-capped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which can be accurately characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. We present here the synthesis, isolation and characterization of several novel tubular fullerene cages stabilized by the encapsulation of a large and st…
Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions are essential to many of the fundamental chemical processes of life. In the Smith group we are investigating the role of H-bonding intermediates in PCET by studying the voltammetry of compounds capable of multiple, strong H-bond interactions. In particular we have stud…
Lithium sulphur batteries hold great potential due to its around 5 fold energy density promotion compare to conventional lithium ion batteries. However, wide-scale has been impeded by rapid capacity fading mainly caused by shuttle effect in consequence of intermediate polysulphides diffusion. Herein, we propose a scal…
Nanostructured ZnO materials have received considerable interest from scientists due to their remarkable performance in electronics, optics and photonics.In recent years, ZnO nanostructures with one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) morphologies, such as nanorods, nanobelts, nanowalls and nanoflowers, have bee…