Materials Literature
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A plasma‐spray process was used to produce piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT)‐glass composite thick films. The films were found to have the same crystal structure as the PZT (Navy‐type V) and lead‐based glass starting powder mixture. The films showed good adhesion to stainless steel and silver‐coated glass sl…
The NaZr 2 P 3 O 12 (NZP) family of materials is attracting increasing attention due to its low‐thermal‐expansion behavior. The system Ba 1+x Zr 4 P 6–2x Si 2x O 24 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), belonging to the NZP family, shows ultralow thermal expansion over a wide temperature range. It also shows anisotropy in its lattice thermal…
Abstract The stability of clay minerals in extremely saline alkaline soils is not well understood, but may be expected to differ from those in other soils due to differences in the geochemical environment. A survey of the clay mineralogy of surface horizons of 39 salt‐affected soils in Alberta, Canada, showed that man…
Liquid crystal polymer composite systems can be divided into two main subgroups. The first consists of the polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC), where the liquid crystal is dispersed in the continuous polymer matrix. The second contains the liquid crystal dispersed polymer (LCDP) systems (sometimes called as liqui…
Abstract The near atomic composition and the character of chemical bonds in two non‐evaporable gettering alloys have been investigated via core level (Zr 3d; Fe 2p; V 2p; O 1s; C 1s) XPS ( h v = 1253.6 eV). The samples have been measured in UHV after in‐air fracturing and various annealing steps (up to 850 °C). For T…
Abstract Specimens of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA): poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PCTFE) polyblends with different weight percentage ratios were subjected to electron beam irradiation (1–10 Mrad). The effect of irradiation on the strength of the blend specimens was studied by measuring the surface microhardness u…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of a Porous, Patternable, Electrically Conducting Carbon Network by the Ultraviolet Laser Irradiation of the Polyimide PMDA-ODA (Kapton)R. Srinivasan, R. R. Hall, W. D. Wilson, W. D. Loehle, and D. C. AllbeeCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 7, 888–889Publication Dat…
Atomic force microscopy was used to study the internal structures of Kevlar(R) 49 fibers and spider dragline silk from the microtomed sections of the fibers. Both fibers exhibited fibrillar structures. For Kevlar(R), the fibrils were aligned along the fiber axial direction, tightly packed and braided. In addition, a p…
Gold spectra were measured with the Physical Electronics Model 5400 x-ray photoelectron spectrometer using unmonochromatized Mg Kα x rays and two pass energy settings corresponding to anaylzer energy resolutions of 1.34 and 0.54 eV. The specimen was a high purity gold foil that was sputter-cleaned by 3 keV Ar ions. We…
The use of a sputter-cleaned copper/silver/gold (Cu/Ag/Au) alloy for calibrating the energy scale and instrument resolution (as full width at half-maximum or FWHM) of x-ray photoelectron spectrometers (XPS) was evaluated. The three component alloy material is a convenient alternative to the common practice of using th…
Abstract Several polyesters derived from bibenzoic acid and oxyalkylene glycols have been prepared and the ability of formation of mesophases was studied. The phase behaviour was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and real‐time variable‐temperature small‐angle X‐ra…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-Resolution X-ray Diffraction and ab Initio Quantum Chemical Studies of Glycoluril, a Biotin AnalogNaiyin Li, Sergio Maluendes, Robert H. Blessing, Michel Dupuis, Grant R. Moss, and George T. DeTittaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 15, 6494–6507Publication Date (P…
Abstract This paper deals with protein microencapsulation by coacervation of poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) solutions in CH 2 Cl 2 induced by the addition of silicone oils of various viscosities. This coating technique proceeds along three steps: phase separation of the coating polyester, adsorption of the coacervate drop…
Abstract X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate how different pretreatments modify the chemical composition and bonding on silicon substrate surface and, to detect the intermediate phases present at the diamond film interface. The pretreatments were mechanical scratching with a diamond powder, ultras…
Surface observation was carried out for diamond homoepitaxial films grown on (001) substrates. Nonepitaxial crystallites and growth hillocks were observed on the films. The majority of the nonepitaxial crystallites were found to be {111} penetration twins, which were considered to originate from the twin nucleation on…
Abstract This paper reports some XPS data on unexposed and exposed thin films of As 2 S 3 deposited onto chromium‐coated glass substrates. We show the chemical changes on the surface and interface of As 2 S 3 and chromium layers. The chromium layers are obtained by thermal evaporation, high‐frequency sputtering and el…
cathodes have been investigated as high temperature oxygen reduction electrodes in the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The cathodes consist of 10 mole percent of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin film electrolyte layer deposited on a porous tube using the electrochemical vapor deposition method. The cathodes have…
Abstract Transesterification of polycarbonate/poly(ethylene‐terephthalate) (PC/PET) blends and the reaction extent were investigated by DSC, FTIR, 1 H NMR and Soxhlet extraction. A new characteristic peak appeared in the FTIR spectrum of PC/PET blends after heat treatment, which indicates that new copolymers were form…
We review recent results on the mechanisms of atomic mixing, radiation-induced disordering, and defect production and clustering induced by displacement cascades in Cu, Ag, Cu3Au and Ni3Al. We employ molecular dynamics computer simulation (MD) methods with isotropic many body potentials and recoil energies near the su…
The role of Ga2O in the removal of GaAs surface oxides induced by atomic hydrogen (H⋅) has been studied using temperature-programed desorption (TPD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). GaAs(001) substrates with ‘‘Ga2O3-like’’ surface oxides formed in vacuo, as well as those ‘…