Materials Literature
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To improve the physical properties of starch-filled polyolefin, starch was modified into more hydrophobic material by the introduction of cholesterol unit, and the different starch-compositioned high-density polyethlene (HDPE) films were prepared with addition of either native starch or modified starch to compare thei…
Silk fibers were graft-copolymerized with methacrylamide (MAA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in aqueous media, using a chemical redox system as an initiator. High weight gains (300%) were obtained with both monomers, the weight gain being linearly related to the amount of monomer contained in the reaction sys…
The thermal behavior in argon of homogeneously synthesized cellulose p-toluenesulfonates (tosylates) with a degree of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.4 to 2.3 was studied by means of thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry from ambient temperature up to 500°C. For comparison, the thermal behavior of the star…
Cellulosic absorbents for water were synthesized by photografting (λ > 300 nm) acrylic acid (AA) onto fiberous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, degree of substitution [DS] = 0.1–0.4) at 30°C in the presence of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker. The CMC sample was pretreated with hydrogen peroxide in the presen…
Stable, thick poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) coatings are formed on iron(III) and aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate particles by impregnating the particles with dimethylsilicone oil and heating at 250–280°C. These coatings are strongly resistant to solvent extraction and to exposure in a water-saturated atmosphere.…
The effect of a fine powder of Y2O3, Nd2O2, and Ho2O3, on the crystal structure of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) was studied with WAXD and DSC techniques. The results showed that the addition of the three rare earth oxides (REOs) can increase the crystallite size of the α-form crystal and the degree of crystallinity o…
The compounding of calcium carbonate filled polypropylene (PP) is discussed with reference to a single-screw extruder and variants of mixing sections. The mixing section on the screw is exchangeable, and two dispersive mixing elements, namely the Zorro and the Maddock elements, were used. The calcium carbonate was sur…
Water-absorbing polyurethane foams were prepared from liquefied starch polyols and diphenylmathane diisocyanate (MDI) by using a cell-opening foaming surfactant. The liquefied starch polyols were obtained by the liquefactions of starch in the presence of polyethylene glycol-dominant reaction reagents by using sulfuric…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” opt…
characterized by x-ray powder diffraction is a layered compound isostructural with : a = 3.80 Å; c = 22.19 Å; space group . The magnetic properties are similar to those of but with an even more pronounced difference between the intralayer and interlayer exchange interactions of localized moments. The magnetic suscepti…
We describe an optically transparent, laser heated, thermoluminescent glass dosimeter that is used for fiber-optic-coupled remote radiation monitoring. The glass consists of ZnS nanocrystallites embedded in a Vycor glass host, doped with Cu1+ and Nd3+ ions. An 807 nm, 1 W GaAlAs laser is used to rapidly heat microscop…
Monolithic and composite advanced ceramics have reached sufficient levels of material development to warrant serious consideration for applications in advanced heat engines. These applications require optimum material behavior with physical and mechanical property reproducibility, component reliability, and well-defin…
A simple model for polyethyleneoxide (PEO) is introduced and analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation. The occurrence of a solvation shell of PEO in water is modeled by two internal states of the monomers with an energy difference P . In the solvated state the monomer excluded volume increases due to the bound water and pre…
We report a neutron scattering study of depletion interactions in a mixture of colloid and nonadsorbing polymer. It is found that the measured colloidal structure factor can be well described by an effective interaction potential for the polymer-induced depletion attraction between the colloidal particles. The amplitu…
The freezing transition of hard spheres confined between two parallel hard plates is studied for different plate separations interpolating between two and three spatial dimensions. Using Monte Carlo simulations and free volume theory, the full phase diagram is obtained exhibiting solid-to-solid transitions between buc…
We calculate the magnetic susceptibility and g-factor of the isolated C_{60}^- ion at zero temperature, with a proper treatment of the dynamical Jahn-Teller effect, and of the associated orbital angular momentum, Ham-reduced gyromagnetic ratio, and molecular spin-orbit coupling. A number of surprises emerge. First, th…
Corrosion of steel by alternating current was investigated as far back as the early 1900’s. These early studies and others in the 1950–60’s indicated that AC corrosion of steel was only a fraction of an equivalent amount of direct current (i.e. less than 1% of a like amount of DC) and in addition was controlled to neg…
Transgranular stress corrosion cracking in oil and gas linepipe was studied by testing full-scale pipes in soil environments. Three pipes made of Grade 359 (X-52) and Grade 414 (X-60) steels were used. Sixteen cracks were prepared on the external surface of each pipe, and crack growth was monitored and studied as a fu…
Nonequilibrium Brownian dynamics simulations are used to study the effect of polydispersity on the thermodynamics, rheology, microstructure, and shear-induced disorder–order transition in suspensions of charged colloids. Approximately 43 000 particles with 2000 different components of a discretized Schulz distribution…
We have investigated, using temperature-programed desorption, high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction, the formation and decomposition of the suboxides of Ru which form after exposure of NO2 to the Ru(001) surface. The NO2 (radical) molecule is not limited by any significa…