Materials Literature
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The distinguishing number (index) $D(G)$ ($D'(G)$) of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has an vertex labeling (edge labeling) with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. In this paper we study the distinguishing number and the distinguishing index of join of two graphs $G$ and $…
The document gives definitions of terms met in the conventional thermal and thermomechanical characterisation of polymeric materials.
The document gives definitions of terms met in the conventional thermal and thermomechanical characterisation of polymeric materials.
Morphology development of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) caused by applied flow history in molten isotactic polypropylene (PP) is investigated, employing a cone-andplate rheometer and a capillary rheometer as mixing devices. Since the flow history is applied at 190 °C, PTFE is in the solid state whereas PP is in the m…
Rules are pointed out to protect the magnetochemist from pitfalls in both measurement and interpretation of magnetic data. Carefully chosen magnetic field strengths during magnetic susceptibility measurements guarantee the recording of genuine data. With the help of examples, the effect of too strong applied fields is…
This glossary of terms covers phenomena considered under the very wide terms photocatalysis and radiation catalysis. A clear distinction is made between phenomena related to either photochemistry and photocatalysis or radiation chemistry and radiation catalysis. The term “radiation” is used here as embracing electroma…
The document gives definitions of terms met in the conventional thermal and thermomechanical characterisation of polymeric materials.
Pillaring is a commonly used procedure to transform a layered crystalline inorganic compound into a material with microporosity and mesoporosity. First, the terms layered compound, pillaring, pillaring agent and interlayer region are defined, followed by the terms pillared layered solid or pillared compound. In the se…
The document defines the terms most commonly encountered in the field of polymer reactions and functional polymers. The scope has been limited to terms that are specific to polymer systems. The document is organized into three sections. The first defines the terms relating to reactions of polymers. Names of individual…
Like most of the materials used by humans, polymeric materials are proposed in the literature and occasionally exploited clinically, as such, as devices or as part of devices, by surgeons, dentists, and pharmacists to treat traumata and diseases. Applications have in common the fact that polymers function in contact w…
The document defines the terms most commonly encountered in the field of polymer blends and composites. The scope has been limited to mixtures in which the components differ in chemical composition or molar mass and in which the continuous phase is polymeric. Incidental thermodynamic descriptions are mainly limited to…
A set of terms, definitions, and recommendations is provided for use in the classification of coordination polymers, networks, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). A hierarchical terminology is recommended in which the most general term is coordination polymer. Coordination networks are a subset of coordination polyme…
The document first gives definitions of basic terms related to liquid-crystalline and mesomorphic states of matter and then terms specific to the classification of liquid-crystal polymers. The terms have been restricted to those most commonly encountered in the structural description of the latter class of materials.
Polyaniline (PANI), a conducting polymer, was prepared by the oxidation of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in various aqueous media. When the polymerization was carried out in the solution of strong (sulfuric) acid, a granular morphology of PANI was obtained. In the solutions of weak (acetic or succinic) acids o…
Synapses are functional links between neurons, through which "information" flows in the neural network. These connections vary significantly in strength, typically resulting from the intrinsic heterogeneity in their chemical and biological properties. Such heterogeneity is fundamental to the diversity of neural activi…
Through the application of layer potential techniques and Gohberg-Sigal theory we derive an original formula for the Minnaert resonance frequencies of arbitrarily shaped bubbles. We also provide a mathematical justification for the monopole approximation of scattering of acoustic waves by bubbles at their Minnaert res…
Most producers of polyamide have their own characterization method to study the rheological properties of polyamide 6 (PA6). However, the measured rheological properties depend strongly on the sample preparation method, humidity regulation, and time-temperature history during the measurement and not least on the kind…
The document defines the terms most commonly encountered in the field of polymer reactions and functional polymers. The scope has been limited to terms that are specific to polymer systems. The document is organized into three sections. The first defines the terms relating to reactions of polymers. Names of individual…
Negative magnetoresistance (NMR) induced by the Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly is regarded as the most prominent quantum signature of Weyl semimetals when electrical field $E$ is collinear with the external magnetic field $B$. In this article, we report universal NMR in nonmagnetic, centrosymmetric transition metal dipnict…
Eight persons from five institutions in different countries carried out polymerizations of aniline following the same preparation protocol. In a “standard” procedure, aniline hydrochloride was oxidized with ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous medium at ambient temperature. The yield of polyaniline was higher than 90 %…