Materials Literature
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The JAERI Fusion Neutronics Source (FNS) group has carried out experiments with breeding blanket mock-ups composed of layers of beryllium, ferritic steel F82H and 6Li enriched lithium titanate ceramics, Li2TiO3. Pellets of enriched Li2TiO3 with a diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 2 mm were used as detectors inside…
The experimental setup is put in operation designed to study the phenomenon of the superpermeation of hydrogen isotopes, including tritium, through metals and to demonstrate the possibility of membrane pumping. The permeation of atomic hydrogen through the niobium membrane was shown to occur in the superpermeation reg…
This paper describes removal and control of tritium of liquid lithium (Li) target for IFMIF. To produce intense neutrons, 40 MeV deuteron beam with a current of 250 mA is injected into a liquid Li flow with a speed of 20 m/s. D-Li reaction produces tritium with a production rate of 7 g/y. Tritium in Li is removed by a…
A star-shaped copolymer consisting of a hyperbranched poly(3-methyl-3-oxetanemethanol) core and polytetrahydrofuran arms was obtained by a one-step cationic copolymerization of 3-methyl-3-oxetanemethanol with tetrahydrofuran initiated by BF3·OEt2. Tetrahydrofuran served as a solvent at the earlier stage of the polymer…
Thermally unaltered conodont elements, brachiopods, and vertebrates were analyzed with reverse phase high profile liquid chromatography to locate and quantify amino acid remnants of the original organic matrix in the fossils. No consistent similarities in amino acid content were found in conodont taxa, and criteria ba…
To simulate hydrogen outgassing in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber and a fusion device, an outgassing theory based on the recombination limited model is presented, where the time evolution of hydrogen concentration in the wall of the vacuum chamber is described by a one-dimensional diffusion equation. The hydrogen o…
The effectiveness of debris reduction using magnetically guided pulsed laser deposition (MGPLD) is reported here. KrF laser pulses (248 nm) of 100 mJ energy were focused to intensities of 6×109 W/cm2 onto the surface of a copper or a carbon source target and a magnetic field of 0.3 T as used to steer the plasma around…
Fourier transform infrared spectra of single fibers of cotton and 18% NaOH treated cotton were obtained before and after fiber pressing to investigate the effect of pressing on the sample. Pressing resulted in improved spectral quality in some regions (e.g., OH stretching) and deteriorated spectral quality in other re…
The dielectric behaviors of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3–BaTiO3 (PZN–PT–BT) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics of several compositions have been investigated under high alternating electric field. In the broad temperature range of the diffuse phase transition, they show highly induced polarization. An unusual linear relation o…
The processability, curing characteristics, and mechanical properties of a window seal compound based on highly filled and oil extended EPDM rubber (R-EPDM) containing ground EPDM vulcanisate of known composition (W-EPDM) simulating the waste window seal product have been studied. A conventional mechanical grinder wit…
A new strontium lithium titanate with composition SrLi 2 Ti 6 O 14 has been discovered in the ternary system SrO - Li 2 O - TiO 2 . Single crystals of this compound have been grown by the flux method. The structure of SrLi 2 Ti 6 O 14 has been solved using X-ray data (Mo-K α radiation, orthorhombic, space group Cmca,…
Simple preparative methods for the synthesis of a hexacoordinate silicate dianion with two tridentate citrato(3−) ligands have been developed. Thus, treatment of tetramethoxysilane with two molar equivalents of citric acid and two molar equivalents of tri(n-butyl)amine in tetrahydrofuran yielded tri(n-butyl)ammonium b…
We have successfully synthesized two kinds of novel well-defined chain-end-functionalized polystyrenes with one, two, three, and four perfluorooctyl (C8F17) groups and structurally analogous block copolymers, poly[styrene-b-4-(3-perfluoroocyl)propoxystyrene], by means of living anionic polymerization, followed by the…
Abstract The basic principles and methods of a non-equilibrium grain boundary theory are presented. A new approach for describing non-equilibrium grain boundaries in nano- and microcrystalline metals processed by equichannel angular pressing (NMC-ECAP metals) is proposed. To illustrate the opportunities of this theory…
ABSTRACT Soy films were prepared from water extract of whole soybean. The films' mechanical characteristics as affected by various solid concentrations of water‐to‐bean ratios, various plasticizer types and concentrations, and various pH values were investigated. Higher tensile strength along with lower elongation was…
Abstract A new indium yttrium germanate presenting the thortveitite structure with symmetry described by the space group C2/ m (No. 12) has been prepared by high temperature solid state reaction as polycrystalline powder material. This crystallizes in the monoclinic system, with cell parameters a = 6.8286(1) Å, b = 8.…
The crystals of Ca 2 (Al x Fe 1− x ) 2 O 5 with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4 were examined using powder XRD at temperatures between 25° and 1000°C. The Pcmn to Ibm 2 phase transition was readily detected by the disappearance of the 131 and 151 reflections ( h + k + l odd). Thus, the phase relationship has been determined as combined f…
The raw hides and skins are flayed from the animal and processed further to manufacture leather. As the main constituent of the raw skins and hides is protein, they are much susceptible for bacterial degradation. Thus, itis essential to preserve the protein matrix and also to arrest microbial attack temporarily. Sever…
X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies are very useful for distinguishing crystalline and non-crystalline states. Highly crystalline substances give patterns with sharp diffraction peaks or spots, whereas liquids or amorphous materials lie between these two extremes, because their chain length is large and it is difficult to…
The crystal structures for a suite of substituted pollucites with the compositions CsTi x Al 1– x Si 2 O 6+0.5 x , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, have been determined from Rietveld analysis of powder synchrotron XRD data. Our results indicate that the pollucite end member (CsAlSi 2 O 6 ) has a tetragonal structure (space group I 4 1 / a…