Materials Literature
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This paper describes the development of a new mathematical model of the incubation period of crevice corrosion. The model uses a new treatment of the transport processes, which includes both ionic migration and diffusion. An explicit finite-difference technique was applied to a uni-dimensional crevice along the crevic…
The sol–gel process has been applied successfully to the preparation of small‐particle‐size CdS‐doped silica glasses with a significant quantum size effect. Gels prepared through the hydrolysis of a complex solution of Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 4 and Cd(CH 3 COO) 2 ·2H 2 O were heated at 500°C, then reacted with H 2 S gas to form…
Abstract The meaning of attenuation length (AL) of x‐ray photoelectrons (and Auger electrons) in solids is reviewed in the light of new evidence pointing to strong dependences of AL on take‐off angle and film thickness, which can be traced back to elastic scattering. Since signal attenuation in XPS (and AES) can devia…
Experimental investigations of the catalytic CO oxidation on a Pd(110) surface revealed that the temporal oscillations in the reaction rate (measured in a range 10−3 Torr<p<1 Torr) can be traced back to a periodic formation and depletion of oxygen in the subsurface region. Oscillations in the reaction ra…
Cubic boron nitride (c-BN) films have been prepared by sputtering of a hexagonal BN sintered target under a negative self-bias voltage applied to Si substrates and a sputtering gas composition of Ar/N 2 . A c-BN phase was found to be contained only in the films prepared in pure Ar discharge with a negative self-bias a…
Microscopic distributions of growth rates on GaAs(001) layers next to (111)A and (111)B surfaces were measured in real time during molecular beam epitaxy growth by scanning microprobe reflection high-energy electron diffraction. The increase in the growth rate on the GaAs(001) surface near the edge of (111)A surfaces…
In a newly developed ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) film preparation system equipped with in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) analyzer, a sintered CeO 2 target was ablated by ArF excimer laser to deposit films on Si(001), (111) and (110) substrates at temperat…
An improved protocol for crystallographic refinement by simulated annealing is presented. It consists of slow cooling starting at high temperatures. Tests of refinements of aspartate aminotransferase and procin pepsin show that the slow-cooling protocol produces lower R factors and better geometry than other protocols…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSesquiterpene Xylosides from Iphiona mucronataAhmed A. Ahmed and Ahmed A. Seif El-DinCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1990, 53, 4, 1031–1033Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.10…
Abstract Nylon 1313, made from the erucic acid of crambe or industrial rapeseed oil, has excellent attributes for use in industry. Its durability, chemical and water resistance, dimensional stability, and electrical properties are valuable characteristics for numerous applications. The processes and economics in trans…
Abstract The effect of hydrostatic pressure on nickel corrosion in sea water and in similar solutions has been investigated. By increasing the hydrostatic pressure, the corrosion rate of nickel increases in 0.58 M NaCl and in 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 and decreases in 0.01 M Na 2 SO 4 and in sea water. This fact is explained by…
A simplified method is presented to measure the grounding resistance of adjacent electrodes which can be of use in other situations, when ground electrodes are composed of many elements or when an existing electrode is extended. The opportunity of remeasuring electrode potential curves showed that local gradients can…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel Cu6O15 "bowls" in seven new barium copper oxides: metal barium copper oxide (M6Ba46Cu24O84) (M = aluminum, silicon, titanium, iron, gallium, germanium, zirconium)Paul D. VerNooy, Michael A. Dixon, Frederick J. Hollander, and Angelica M. StacyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 199…
The fracture strength of an α‐ and β‐SiAION was measured by biaxial and four‐point bending. By utilizing Weibull statistics a close prediction could be made of the four‐point values from the biaxial values. At a fracture strength of 460 MPa, fracture was initiated by linking of surface and subsurface flaws.
The screened hopping mechanism, which assumes that in every dielectric system, dipolar or hopping-charge-dominated, there must be a finite amount of local adjustment of dipolar orientations or of charge dispositions in response to any particular dipole or charge movement, is discussed. The relaxation of polarization i…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModeling diffusion and reaction in crosslinking epoxy-amine cure kinetics: a dynamic percolation approachDonald F. Rohr and Michael T. KleinCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1990, 29, 7, 1210–1218Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 20…
The paper describes the method and discusses the results of microwave and millimetre wave dielectric spectroscopy of the extremely low-frequency soft overdamped modes in some highly anisotropic semiconductive ferroelectrics, and relaxational soft modes in quasi-one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded ferroelectrics.
Abstract The caesiation of a clean Te metal film during the formation process of a Cs 2 Te photocathode has been studied by X‐ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectroscopies. Cs 2 Te is essentially an ionic compound that is stable with a large Cs excess. The ionicity increases with Cs content up to the stoichiomet…
Abstract The formation of passive films as a function of time and potential on Fe53Ni in 1 M NaOH in 0.005 M H 2 SO 4 + 0.495 M K 2 SO 4 and on Fe10Ni in 1 M NaOH was studied by XPS. In order to avoid air oxidation and to minimize contamination of the samples, an electrochemical specimen preparation and transsfer syst…
The effect of sintering atmosphere on the final density and electrical properties of alumina compacts has been investigated using two different oxygen pressures: air and CO/CO 2 . Measuring of electrical behavior has been considered a tool for determining the mechanism responsible for densification. Finally, the impor…