Materials Literature
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Following the seminal work of Von Dreele, powder X-ray diffraction studies on proteins are being established as a valuable complementary technique to single-crystal measurements. A wide range of small proteins have been found to give synchrotron powder diffraction profiles where the peak widths are essentially limited…
meso -Aryl-substituted subchlorins were obtained as a side product in acid-catalyzed subporphyrin synthesis and were fully characterized. Subchlorins were more efficiently prepared by reduction of subporphyrins with p -tosylhydrazide under basic conditions. Structural change from subporphyrin to subchlorin is accompan…
The compressibility of the nanolaminated ${M}_{2}\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{C}$ phases (space group $P{6}_{3}∕mmc$) with $M=\mathrm{Ti},\mathrm{Zr},\mathrm{Hf}$ [valence electron concentration (VEC) of the $M$ element of 4], V, Nb, Ta $(\mathrm{VEC}=5)$, and Cr, Mo, W $(\mathrm{VEC}=6)$ is systematically studied in the pressu…
Neutron diffraction provides an experimental method of directly locating H atoms in proteins, a technique complementary to ultra-high-resolution X-ray diffraction. Three different types of neutron diffractometers for biological macromolecules have been constructed in Japan, France and the USA, and they have been used…
The impact of biomass-derived contaminants on solid-oxide fuel cells SOFCs with Ni/gadolinia-doped ceria GDC anodes was investigated using electrochemical impedance analysis. Measurements were carried out with symmetric test cells under a singlegas atmosphere. The impact of H 2 S, HCl, and naphthalene in the gas strea…
The molar absorptivity curves of the mono and bis nickel(II) complexes of 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline have been deduced from the composite absorbance data of a series of equilibrium solutions in methanol using equilibrium-restricted factor analysis, a technique for extracting spectral and thermodynamic inf…
A new heterogeneous Fenton-like system, consisting of supported Au catalysts and hydrogen peroxide, was proved to be effective in removing low level organic compounds (ca. 100 ppm) such as phenol, ethanol, formaldehyde, and acetone in aqueous solution. Among all gold catalysts the Au/ hydroxyapatite (Au/HAp) exhibits…
Two new spin crossover complexes [FeL(py)(2)] (1) and [FeL(DMAP)(2)] (2) with L being a tetradentate N(2)O(2)(2-) coordinating Schiff-base-like ligand [([3,3']-[1,2-phenylenebis(iminomethylidyne)]bis(2,4-pentanedionato)(2-)-N,N',O(2),O(2)'], py = pyridine and DMAP = p-dimethylaminopyridine have been investigated using…
Colloidal drug delivery systems have been providing alternative formulation approaches for problematic drug candidates, and improved delivery for existing compounds for decades. Colloidal systems for drug delivery have all evolved down a similar pathway, almost irrespective of the delivery system, from conception, to…
The dispersion limit of HiPco single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) in 1% by weight sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) assisted dispersions in water is reported. The starting concentration of the tubes in water surfactant solution was 5 mg/mL which was diluted sequentially by a factor of 2 down to 1.2 × 10 -3 mg/m…
We demonstrate that dihydroxy benzenes are excellent reducing agents and may be used to reduce silver ions to synthesize stable silver nanoparticles in air-saturated aqueous solutions. The formation of Ag nanoparticles in deaerated aqueous solution at high pH values suggests that the reduction of silver ions occurs du…
Three dimensionally ordered macroporous layered double hydroxides (3-DOM LDH) have been synthesized using sacrificial polystyrene (PS) colloidal crystal templates impregnated by divalent and trivalent metal salts. LDH spatially confined coprecipitation occurs during soaking in NaOH solution, and the PS template is sub…
It took Dan Shechtman more than two years to get his discovery of an Al-Mn phase with icosahedral diffraction symmetry and sharp Bragg reflections published. A paradigm shift had to take place before this novel ordering state of matter - seemingly contradicting crystallographic laws - could be accepted. Today, more th…
The morphotropic phase boundary in the phase diagram of the technologically important Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) ceramics has been traditionally believed to separate ferroelectric tetragonal and rhombohedral phase regions. This old picture has come under close scrutiny during the last eight years following the discovery of…
Structural studies of materials with nano-sized spaces, called nano-structured materials, have been carried out by high-resolution powder diffraction. Our developed analytical method, which is the combination of the maximum-entropy method (MEM) and Rietveld refinement, the so-called MEM/Rietveld method, has been succe…
The stress created by the austenite transformation of mechanically constrained NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) significantly exceeds that required to deform (detwin) its low temperature martensitic phase. The one-way shape memory effect can therefore be used to create antagonistic, fully reversible flexural shape morp…
Protein assays are critical analytical tools performed in various biochemical laboratories to quantify the concentration of proteins. In this study, we report the optical responses of a thin layer of liquid crystals supported on glass slides decorated with proteins and the utility of this phenomenon as a new "all-or-n…
A fluidized bed direct carbon fuel cell was employed to achieve direct conversion of solid fuels into electricity.Power was generated from pulverized Lower Kittanning ͑bituminous͒ coal, synthetic carbon, and biomass in a single process step.Currentvoltage characteristics exhibited typical fuel cell behavior.Fluidizati…
The characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) produced by mixed cultures is fundamental for foreseeing the possible final applications of the polymer. In this study PHA produced under aerobic dynamic feeding (ADF) conditions are characterized. The PHA produced shows a stable average molecular weight ([symbol: se…
A system of generalized kinetic equations for the distribution functions of two-dimensional Dirac fermions scattered by impurities is derived in the Born approximation with respect to the short-range impurity potential. It is proven that the conductivity following from the classical Boltzmann equation picture, where e…