Materials Literature
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The Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) catalytic conversion process can be used to synthesize diesel fuels from a variety of feedstocks, including coal, natural gas and biomass. Synthetic diesel fuels can have very low sulfur and aromatic content, and excellent autoignition characteristics. Moreover, Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuels m…
Highly tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin films were deposited by the filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique at room temperature. Nitrogen was found to be a good n-type dopant of the tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin films. The Fermi level shifts from 0.91 eV above the valence band to 0.65 eV below the conduction band…
Uranium alloys are candidates for the fuel phase in aluminum matrix dispersion fuels requiring high uranium loading. Certain uranium alloys have been shown to have good irradiation performance at intermediate burnup. Previous studies have shown that acceptable fission gas swelling behavior and fuel-aluminum interactio…
We report magnetoresistance (MR) measurements in very thin Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3 films (5–15 nm) grown on LaAlO3 (001) substrates. The films are under compressive strain imposed by the lattice mismatch with the substrate. The MR ratio [R(H)−R0]/R0 is ∼92% at H=800 Oe and T=70 K when the magnetic field is applied perpendicu…
Density functional calculations using an \ensuremath{\alpha}-quartz supercell as a model silica host identify the peroxy linkage as the lowest energy configuration of atomic O in Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, and find that its energy in this site and in interstitial molecular ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ are nearly equal. Using ab init…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Much work has been done on the application of plasmas to the treatment of NO<sub>x</sub> from power plants. In power plant applications, the purpose of the plasma is to oxidize NO to NO<sub>2</sub>, and eventually to nitric acid. The desired products, in th…
The low value of , where is the nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature and denotes the virtual transition temperature, is a long-standing puzzle in the physics of liquid crystals. The present review presents experimental and theoretical results on this long-standing problem. New experimental and theoretical re…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Many studies suggest that lean-NO<sub>x</sub> SCR proceeds via oxidation of NO to NO<sub>2</sub> by oxygen, followed by the reaction of the NO<sub>2</sub> with hydrocarbons. On catalysts that are not very effective in catalyzing the equilibratio…
The dielectric response of epitaxial BaTiO3 thin films deposited on MgO was measured through surface electrodes as a function of applied bias, frequency, and temperature. The room temperature value of the dielectric constant was ∼500 with a dissipation factor, tan(δ), of 0.05 at 100 kHz. Measurements varying the bias…
An alternative approach to the synthesis of mono-sized and parallel-aligned single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNs) is reported. The SWCNs are formed in 0.73 nm sized channels of microporous aluminophosphate crystallites by pyrolysis of tripropylamine molecules in the channels. They are characterized through transmission…
Applying a Keldysh Green`s function method it is shown that hot electrons injected from a STM-tip into a CoSi${}_2$/Si(111) system form a highly focused beam due to the silicide band structure. This explains the atomic resolution obtained in recent Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy (BEEM) experiments. Localized s…
We observe that the temperature coefficients of electron-hole pair energies $(dE/dT)$ in PbS and PbSe quantum dots depend strongly on the size of the quantum dot. With decreasing size the temperature coefficient of the lowest electron-hole pair energy ${\mathrm{dE}}_{g}/dT$ decreases by more than an order of magnitude…
Adhesion properties between branched polyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene (PP) were studied by a peel test and scanning electron microscopy. In this study, two types of branched PEs were used; one is a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and the other is a high pressure low density polyethylene (LDPE). Th…
Polymer-based positive temperature coefficient (PTC) composites are of special interest because they have great potential in temperature-sensitive devices. To obtain a reproducible PTC composite with acceptable PTC intensity, effect of conductive filler content, processing conditions and filler treatment with nitric a…
Titanate whisker-reinforced polypropylene composites were prepared in a twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding. The whiskers were surface treated with tetrabutyl orthotitanate prior to blending. The static and dynamic mechanical properties, impact strength, and thermal properties of the composites were inve…
Poly(ester urethane ureas) (PesURUs) and poly(ether urethane ureas) (PetURUs) synthesized from diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate and poly(butylene adipate) diol, and poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol or poly(propylene oxide) diol, respectively, were hydrolyzed at 70°C for various periods up to 16 weeks. Differences in t…
Volume and enthalpy relaxation in glassy materials subjected to a temperature jump Δ T = T 0 − T can conveniently be compared on the basis of the fictive relaxation rate R f = −(d T f /d log t ) i . It has been shown that within the current phenomenological model, involving the stretched exponential relaxation functio…
Three new tin(II) oxalate materials, of which one has an open-framework layered structure, have been synthesized hydrothermally in the presence of structure-directing organic amines. Crystal data: oxalate 1, [(CH 3 ) 2 NH(CH 2 ) 4 NH(CH 3 ) 2 ] 2+ [Sn 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 ] 2 -, monoclinic, space group P 2 1 / c (No. 14) a…
The mechanical properties and phase microstructure of ternary phase polypropylene composites have been investigated using combinations of rigid glass beads and ethylene/propylene rubber (EPR) modifiers. Particular consideration has been given to the relative interaction between these components and their dispersion wi…
The surfaces of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHAP) particles with different Ca/P atomic ratios, synthesized by the precipitation method, were characterized and the adsorption mechanism of CO 2 on CaHAP at 25 °C was elucidated mainly by FTIR. The number of surface P−OH groups was maximum at Ca/P = 1.6 while the quantity of…