Materials Literature
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<div class="htmlview paragraph">We report on a comprehensive fuel additive study where two different detergent chemistry types, Mannichs and polyetheramines, are ranked with regard to injector deposit control in a research direct-injected gasoline (DIG) engine. The engine used was a conventional dual-sparkplug,…
We report on the experimental observation of STM-induced photon emission in ultrahigh vacuum on a network of 4-nm silver spheres. The spheres are covered by a dielectric, electrically insulating, organic layer and deposited on Au(111). The bias-dependent spatial distribution of the photon emission rates reveals the el…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Ultra low emissions and high performance combustion was achieved with a combination of high EGR, a three-way catalyst, and a highly oxygenated liquid fuel, neat dimethoxy methane (DMM), in an ordinary DI diesel engine. The smokeless nature of neat DMM effectively allowed stoichiom…
A "breather excitation" is observed directly by electron spin resonance in the quantum spin chain Cu benzoate, in which an unexpected field-induced gap has recently been found. The nonlinear field dependence of the resonance field agrees well with the formula based on a quantum sine-Gordon model. The power-law tempera…
The temperature dependence of the dielectric nonlinearities in a PMN single crystal and in 9/65/35 PLZT ceramics has been determined by measuring the first and third harmonic response as well as the dielectric behavior as a function of the dc electric field. In zero field a paraelectric-to-glass, and, in a high enough…
β- Si 3 N 4 powders were shock compressed and quenched from 12 to 115 GPa. β-Si3N4 transforms to the spinel-type Si3N4 (c-Si3N4) by a fast reconstructive process at pressures above about 20 GPa. The yield of c-Si3N4 recovered from 50 GPa and about 2400 K reaches about 80% and the grain sizes are about 10–50 nm. It is…
In situ catalytic thermal decomposition method was used for producing aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in bulk quantities on stable and electrically conducting substrates. Very low turn-on electric fields of 0.75 V/μm and low threshold fields of ∼1.6 V/μm (for current density of 10 mA/cm2) were obtained fr…
We present a unified theory of luminescence spectra for highly excited semiconductors, which is applicable both to the electron-hole BCS state and to the exciton Bose-Einstein condensate. The crossover behavior between electron-hole BCS state and exciton Bose-Einstein condensate clearly manifests itself in the calcula…
Multi-band Gutzwiller-correlated wave functions reconcile the contrasting concepts of itinerant band electrons versus electrons localized in partially filled atomic shells. The approximate evaluation of these variational ground states becomes exact in the limit of large coordination number. The result allows the ident…
Two families of passive seismic control devices exploiting the peculiar properties of shape memory alloy (SMA) kernel components have been implemented and tested within the MANSIDE project (Memory Alloys for New Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation Devices). They are special braces for framed structures and isolat…
We present a paradigm for fatigue in ferroelectric perovskite oxides: That of a structural phase transition in which oxygen vacancies order into two-dimensional planar arrays capable of pinning domain wall motion.
Partial table of contents: Ceramics Processing and Ceramic Products. Surface Chemistry. CERAMIC RAW MATERIALS. Special Inorganic Chemicals. MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION. Particle Size and Shape. Density, Pore Structure, and Specific Surface Area. PROCESSING ADDITIVES. Liquids and Wetting Agents. Flocculants, Binders, an…
The absolute rate of the methane oxidation reaction over Pt{110} was investigated over the temperature range 400−900 K using molecular beams under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. It was found that the surface reaction is biphasic, with CO 2 being the major product at <550 K and CO the major product at >600 K. Under…
A novel molecular electron donor−acceptor (DA) dyad, composed of a phytochlorin donor and a [60]fullerene acceptor, was used for the preparation of solid molecular films capable of performing vectorial photoinduced electron transfer (VPET). Being mixed with octadecylamine at concentrations of 50 mol % and lower, the D…
The observed variation in the nature of the order−disorder transition (lower vs upper temperature phase diagram) with the length of the n -alkyl side group in polystyrene- b -poly( n -alkyl methacrylate) diblock copolymers [PS- b -P( n AMA)] by Mayes, Russell, and their co-workers ( Macromolecules 1998, 31, 8509) is e…
The early events following photoexcitation of the nonplanar porphyrin 2,3,5,7,8,10,12,13,15,17,18,20-dodecaphenylporphyrin (H 2 DPP) have been examined using transient absorption spectroscopy. These studies were motivated by previous results indicating that photoinduced conformational changes underlie many of the pert…
We describe the synthesis and spectral characterization of a rhenium metal-ligand complex. This complex reacts with sulfhydryl groups via an iodoacetamide side chain on the phenanthroline ligand and displays a high limiting anisotropy near 0.35 when excited at 442 nm. When covalently linked to human serum albumin, thi…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAlternating Bioactivity of Polymeric Layer-by-Layer Assemblies: Anti- vs Procoagulation of Human Blood on Chitosan and Dextran Sulfate LayersTakeshi Serizawa, Miyuki Yamaguchi, Takahisa Matsuyama, and Mitsuru AkashiView Author Information Department of Applied Chemistr…
The order−disorder transition (ODT), microdomain morphology, and phase behavior in mixtures of polystyrene- block -polyisoprene (SI) diblock blended with homopolystyrene (HPS) were investigated. SI with a total molecular weight of 2.0 × 10 4 and volume fraction of polystyrene (PS) of 0.51 (designated SI-11/9) was blen…
The properties of a novel complex between pyranine (a photoacid and an electron donor species) and methyl viologen (an efficient electron acceptor, MV +2 ) in aqueous and in micellar solutions were determined. On the basis of the electrostatic driven force for pyranine/methyl viologen (pyranine/MV 2+ ) complexation, t…