Materials Literature
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Foam flotation (adsorptive bubble separation) experiments in a packed bed reactor were conducted to investigate the efficiency of this process in reducing the color, turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the textile wastewater obtained from a dyeing and finishing plant. Both hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide…
The interaction of molten salts of different Na 2 O activities and mullite is examined with furnace and burner tests. The more‐acidic molten salts form small amounts of Al 2 O 3 ; the more‐basic molten salts form various Na 2 O–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 compounds. The results are interpreted using the Na 2 O–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 ter…
The results of magnetoresistance ($\frac{\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rho}}{\ensuremath{\rho}}$), heat capacity ($C$), and ac susceptibility ($\ensuremath{\chi}$) measurements are reported for a polycrystalline specimen of Sm${\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ge}}_{2}$. In addition to sharp variations of the order of 3-5…
Abstract As part of the project “Environmental Effects on Materials” a field exposure programme was begun in 1993 in Switzerland. The exposure sites were chosen near the stations of the National Air Pollution Monitoring Network (NABEL), where climatic data are also recorded. This work presents the results for unalloye…
A sessile drop tensiometer enhanced by video-image digitization is designed for the experimental measurement of dynamic/advancing/receding contact angle. A collimated light beam passes through the sessile drop of liquid and a silhouette of the drop is created. The equipment video images the silhouette, digitizes the i…
The influence of water on the low temperature dielectric relaxations of nylon-6 has been investigated in the range from dry to water-saturated polymer by means of sorption experiments and thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC). Three different ranges of water sorption are observed and their reflection in…
The reaction of ozone in low concentrations (2.6–41.2 ppm) with n ‐hexane soot has been studied by interfacing Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy with a long optical path cell and microgravimetry. The rates and rate laws for ozone loss, soot mass gain, and CO 2 and H 2 O formation have been determined at 22°C. Th…
For type-Ib diamond, we have experimentally studied the change in the Raman spectrum with the concentration of nitrogen impurities, the fluence of neutron irradiation and $^{13}\mathrm{C}$ isotope composition, to look for phonon scattering due to these events. It has been found that the nitrogen impurities have no app…
Selected samples of commercial acrylic resins used for protection and consolidation of different substrates have been characterized in terms of their chemical structures and compositions. Resin compositions were determined from analysis of the products obtained under controlled thermal decomposition of the samples, wh…
Previous work has described the structural and diffraction criteria for distinguishing between tv-1M, cv-lM, and m-lM illite varieties, where tv-1M illite corresponds to a structure with trans vacant (tv) 2:1 layers, cv-lM illite consists of cis-vacant (cv) 2:1 layers, and m-lM illites consist of 2:1 layers with rando…
The critical behavior of the specific heat, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity at the smectic-A--nematic phase transition of aligned octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB) has been studied with the photopyroelectric technique. Though the values of the thermal transport parameters are substantially different for homeotrop…
The mechanisms of Co uptake from solution by calcite surfaces have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and sputter depth profiling. Two types of calcite samples were examined (finely powdered and individual {104} cleavage surfaces) as a function of pH (7.3–8.9), reaction time (0.9–168 h), and starti…
Abstract Treatment of 5,10,15,20‐tetra‐4‐pyridylporphyrin [(TPyP)H 2 ] with europium(III) or gadolinium(III) acetylacetonate [Ln(acac) 3 · n H 2 O] (Ln = Eu, Gd) in 1,2,4‐trichlorobenzene produced Ln(acac)(TPyP), which reacted with dilithium phthalocyaninate [Li 2 (Pc)] to give Li[Ln(Pc)(TPyP)] in moderate yields. Upo…
Abstract The compositions, fabrics and structures of authigenic minerals that formed recently from silicic volcanic ash layers from a 1300-meter sediment column obtained at ODP Site 808 of the Nankai Trough were studied using XRD, STEM, AEM and SEM. Smectite and zeolites were first detected as alteration products of v…
The sintering behavior of α‐alumina powders doped with magnesia (500 or 1500 ppm) and yttria (0, 500, or 1500 ppm) was investigated using constant‐heating‐rate dilato‐metric experiments. The apparent activation energies for the intermediate stage of sintering were 740, 800, and 870 kJ/mol for 0, 500, and 1500 ppm yttr…
This contribution deals with the crystal chemistry of phlogopite and Fe3+-rich phlogopite from the Tapira alkaline-carbonatite complex (Brazil) to assess the petrological significance and genetic conditions of these rocks. The Tapira complex consists of a layered intrusion composed mainly of ultramafic rocks (dunite,…
In this paper we present a new formulation of a large class of phase-field models, which describe solidification of a pure material and allow for both surface energy and interface kinetic anisotropy, in terms of the Hoffman–Cahn ξ-vector. The ξ-vector has previously been used in the context of sharp interface models,…
Transmission electron microscopy studies of the (1 - x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT (1−x)/x) and the (Pb1−yLay)(Zr0·65Ti0·35)O3 (PLZT y/65/35) crystalline solutions have been performed for x = 0·1, 0·2, 0·35 and 0·60 and y = 0·00, 0·05, 0·07 and 0·10. Bright-field imaging has revealed a common sequence of domain-l…
Metallic or ferromagnetic properties are displayed by Cu complexes with the dicyanoquinodiimine (DCNQI) anion and a V complex with the tetracyanoethyletylenc (TCNE) anion. These exceptional properties arise from pπ–dπ ligand–metal interactions. An entire field based on the coordination chemistry of organocyanides is e…
Abstract A polyrotaxane consisting of many β‐cyclodextrins (β‐CDs) and a triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) capped with bulky end‐groups was synthesized as a model of stimuli‐responsive supramolecules for nanoscale devices. The polyrotaxane was reversibly soluble‐insolub…