Materials Literature
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Abstract We examine the graphite plasmon loss structure in reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) and XPS with respect to the issue of measuring the energy, E p , of the π + σ plasmon peak. The two spectra differ in shape because they are based on different physical processes. In fact, a static core hole…
This paper presents and compares two different uniaxial constitutive models for superelastic shape-memory alloys (SMAs), suitable to study the dependence of the stress-strain relationship on the loading-unloading rate. The first model is based on the inclusion of a direct viscous term in the evolutionary equation for…
Abstract Novel multiblock poly(ester amide)s containing poly( L ‐lactide) and cycloaliphatic amide segments were synthesized from telechelic oligomer of α,ω‐hydroxyl terminated poly( L ‐lactide), 1,3‐cyclohexylbis(methylamine), and sebacoylchloride by the “two‐step” interfacial polycondensation method. The blocky natu…
This study investigates the structures of layers of amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(t-butyl styrene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PtBS-PSS) adsorbed on both the bare mica surface (hydrophilic) and an octadecyltriethoxysilane (OTE)-modified mica surface (hydrophobic). When the surface is rendered hydrophobic, the no…
Abstract Angle‐resolved X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) is widely accepted as a useful tool for nondestructive in‐depth analysis of near surface regions. In the present paper, it is shown for a variety of applications which kind of qualitative and quantitative information can be derived from ARXPS measurement…
Abstract Poly(ethylene‐ co ‐propylene) (EPR) was functionalized to varying degrees with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) by melt grafting processes. The EPR‐ graft ‐GMA elastomers were used to toughen poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Results showed that the grafting degree strongly influenced the morphology and mechanic…
Abstract Both polyamide 12 (PA 12)/clay and polyamide 6–polyamide 66 copolymer (PA 6/6,6)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation. The incorporation of 4–5 wt % modified clay largely increased the strength, modulus, heat distortion temperature (HDT), and permeation resistance to methanol of the polyami…
Abstract Poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, and polyglycidol brushes (PMMA, PS and PGL, respectively) were grown on glassy carbon (GC) plates that were modified by the electrochemical reduction of the diazonium salt BF 4 − , + N 2 C 6 H 4 CH(CH 3 )Br. The grafted C 6 H 4 CH(CH 3 )Br species were effective i…
Abstract Flexible, elastomeric, and superparamagnetic substrates were prepared by electrospinning a solution of elastomeric polyurethane containing ferrite nanoparticles (∼14 nm) of MnZnNi. The flexible mats were characterized in terms of fiber morphology and magnetic properties. Field emission scanning electron mic…
The dynamic response of an acoustically driven spherical bubble between parallel plates is investigated in the linear approximation. For the case of rigid plates, explicit expressions are provided for the resonance frequency and damping, and the importance of including compressibility of the liquid is discussed. For w…
Abstract For a better understanding of the oxide growth and final film properties upon anodization of titanium in sulfuric and phosphoric acid containing electrolytes, the electrochemical behavior as studied by a.c. impedance was correlated to microstructural analysis (TEM, Raman). Chemical depth profiling of the film…
Abstract Nanomaterialien gewinnen in den Natur‐ und Ingenieurwissenschaften rasant an Stellenwert. Für viele derartige Materialien sind inzwischen zuverlässige Synthesen verfügbar, die vielfältige Anwendungen in allen Bereichen von Nanowissenschaften und Nanotechnologie ermöglicht haben. Bisweilen ist es erwünscht, da…
A series of poly[p-(phenyleneethynylene)-alt-(thienyleneethynylene)] (PPETE) polymers with variable percent loadings of the N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamino group on the polymer backbone were synthesized and fully characterized. Photophysical studies show that changes in the loading of the amino group receptor on the b…
Pyrophosphate is the main form of condensed P in the fluid fertilizer ammonium polyphosphate (APP). When APP is applied to soil, pyrophosphate is hydrolyzed to orthophosphate. Hydrolysis of pyrophosphate was investigated in a highly calcareous soil over 3 wk. Changes in P speciation were measured using solid‐state 31…
Abstract The ultrasonic degradation of poly(vinyl alcohol) was investigated at different pHs of the solvent, in different water/solvent binary mixtures, and at different polymer concentrations. The samples were analyzed with gel permeation chromatography. The degradation rate coefficients were determined with a contin…
The shapes and energies of drops on substrates patterned with either holes or posts are computed using Surface Evolver software. The holes and posts are cylindrical in shape and distributed in a 6-fold symmetric pattern. The wetting conditions are such that the liquid does not fill the holes and the interface between…
Abstract We measured the work function of micrograins at the surface of a polycrystalline copper sample using NanoESCA, a photoelectron microscope equipped with two analysers in series. This allowed us to obtain accurate spectroscopic information with energy‐filtered images showing lateral resolutions of 40 nm. Recons…
Mesoporous titania particles having anatase-type crystalline wall were prepared using a low-temperature crystallization technique. Crystalline mesoporous titania was obtained through the sol−gel process of titanium oxysulfate sulfuric acid hydrate (TiOSO 4 · x H 2 SO 4 · x H 2 O) at 333 K in the presence of cetyltrime…
Arrays of straight copper wires can be deposited onto a silica layer (see image) by controlling the concentration of the CuSO4 electrolyte used. The copper wires are shown to contain nanograins of copper oxide, a consequence of the mechanism of their preparation. Wires with widths varying from 80 to 1200 nm suggest pr…
Abstract Two series of aromatic polyimides containing various‐sized alkyl side groups were synthesized by thermal imidization of the poly(amic acid)s prepared from the polyaddition of benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and hexafluoro‐isopropylidene bis(phthalic anhydride) with 4,4′‐methylenedianiline, 4,4′‐methyl…